1991年《美国国家安全战略报告》研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 16:15

本文选题：1991年《美国国家安全战略报告》　切入点：出台背景　出处：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：1991年8月,美国总统乔治·布什根据1986年《戈德华特——尼科尔斯国防部改组法》的相关规定向国会提交了这一年度的《美国国家安全战略报告》。报告根据当时世界形势的剧烈变化,调整了美国的国家安全战略。20世纪80年代末90年代初,苏联的国民经济严重下滑,社会动荡,民族分裂情绪日益严重,其综合国力和国际影响力受到了很大程度的削弱,它的对外战略也开始进行较大幅度的收缩;1990年8月爆发的海湾危机以及后来的海湾战争,表明地区性的矛盾和冲突日益加剧,地区性军事强国对美国国家安全战略利益的挑战日益增强。面对这种变化,老布什政府迅速调整了自冷战开始以来持续40多年的遏制战略,在这篇报告中确立了“超越遏制”战略,将美国的战略重点由应对苏联的全球挑战转向应对地区性的威胁,更加关注本国的经济安全与发展,主张通过政治、经济和军事等综合安全手段来建立一个美国主导下的“世界新秩序”。这篇报告对冷战后的美国利益与目标进行了重新的界定,并对90年代美国的政治、经济、防务议程进行了新的规划,以便在后冷战时代更好地维护美国的国家利益。该报告的提出对冷战后的美国国家安全战略产生了深刻的影响,进一步推动了美国国家安全战略的调整,最终完成了美国国家安全战略由冷战时期向后冷战时代的转变。
[Abstract]:In August 1991, US President George Bush submitted this year's National Security Strategy report to Congress in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense restructuring Act of 1986.According to the drastic changes in the world situation at that time, the report adjusted the national security strategy of the United States. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the national economy of the Soviet Union seriously declined, social unrest and ethnic divisions became increasingly serious.Its overall national strength and international influence have been greatly weakened, and its foreign strategy has begun to contract by a large margin. The Gulf crisis that broke out in August 1990 and the subsequent Gulf War show that regional contradictions and conflicts are intensifying day by day.Regional military powers are increasingly challenging the strategic interests of US national security.In the face of this change, the Bush administration quickly adjusted its containment strategy, which has lasted for more than 40 years since the beginning of the Cold War, and established the "beyond containment" strategy in this report.To shift the strategic focus of the United States from addressing the global challenges of the Soviet Union to addressing regional threats, paying more attention to its economic security and development, and advocating the adoption of politics.A combination of economic and military security means to establish a new world order under the leadership of the United States.The report redefines American interests and goals after the Cold War, and plans the American political, economic, and defense agendas in the 1990s to better safeguard America's national interests in the post-Cold War era.The presentation of the report has a profound impact on the American national security strategy after the Cold War, further promoting the adjustment of the US national security strategy, and finally completing the transformation of the US national security strategy from the Cold War period to the post-Cold War era.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2

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