对外战略视角下日本ODA角色研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 09:43

本文选题：日本　切入点：政府开发援助　出处：《国际关系学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：ODA是战后国际发展援助体系的重要组成部分，是国际政治经济关系的产物。作为一种对外政策，ODA直接服务于日本的国家战略。回顾日本战后发展史，，我们可以清晰地看到ODA在日本的发展道路上充分发挥其经济和科技优势，弥补甚至代替政治因素和军事因素的作用。研究日本ODA，有助于了解日本的战略意图和政策目标。本文尝试创建针对政策角色定位研究的“状态→动因运作→角色”分析路径，并在此大框架下设立了小模型，即“诉求实力→动因”理论模型和“目标→资源→手段”运作模型。首先是状态。战后日本ODA的发展历史大致可分为经济中心时期、经济安保时期和战略化时期三个阶段。每个阶段ODA政策的演变都充分反映了当时日本自身发展状况及其决策层对所处国际环境的反应。目前，日本谋求“正常国家化”的意图日趋明朗，ODA随之趋向规范化、制度化和重点化。此外，ODA在主导权、业态、域态领域出现新变化，并产生了“三角协力”的新模式。其次是动因。日本ODA状态变化的动因可用“实力诉求→动因”理论模型来解释。日本、受援国、第三方的“诉求”和日本的“实力”是决定“动因”的关键变量，二者的变化和互动导致日本ODA“动因”的演变；其中，“诉求”占据主导地位。再次是运作。日本ODA的运作流程可用“目标→资源→手段”运作模型来分析。本文从宏观的战略层面、中观的战术层面和微观的操作层面出发，对运作系统的程序，即确立目标、评估资源和选择手段进行研究，以日本对柬埔寨ODA为例，建立了日本ODA的运作流程图。 “保障政治安全、实现正常国家化”和“获取经济红利、谋求地区主导权”是日本对外战略的两大主题。本文最后对ODA在日本外交战略、经济战略和安全战略中的角色进行了分析，在此基础上，对ODA在日本整个对外战略中所扮演的角色进行定位，即：ODA是日本在“综合安保观”下为实现“正常国家化”的战略目标而运用的一种政策工具。作为政策，它是日本对外战略的一部分；作为工具，它被运用于外交、经济和安全等具体对外政策中。
[Abstract]:ODA is an important part of the postwar international development assistance system and a product of international political and economic relations.As a foreign policy ODA directly serves Japan's national strategy.Looking back on the history of Japan's postwar development, we can clearly see that ODA can give full play to its advantages in economy and science and technology, and make up for or even replace the role of political and military factors in the development of Japan.Research on Japan's ODAs will help to understand Japan's strategic intentions and policy objectives.In this paper, we try to create the analysis path of "the role of the agents and the role" in the research of the policy role positioning, and set up a small model under this big framework.That is, the theoretical model of "demanding strength and motivation" and the operation model of "objective and resource means".The first is the state.The development history of ODA in postwar Japan can be divided into three stages: economic center period, economic security period and strategic period.The evolution of ODA policy in each stage fully reflects the development of Japan itself and the reaction of policy makers to the international environment.At present, Japan's intention to seek "normal nationalization" is becoming clearer, and ODA tends to be standardized, institutionalized and focused.In addition, ODA has changed in the field of dominance, trade and domain, and has produced a new model of "triangular cooperation".The second is the motivation.The motivation of the change of ODA state in Japan can be explained by the theory model of "strength demand motivation".The "demand" of the third party and the "power" of Japan are the key variables to determine the "motivation". The change and interaction of the two factors lead to the evolution of the "motivation" of Japan's ODA, in which the "demand" occupies the dominant position.Again, the operation.The operation process of ODA in Japan can be analyzed by means of "target and resource" operation model.In this paper, from the macro strategic level, the meso tactical level and the micro operational level, the procedure of the operation system, that is, establishing the objective, evaluating the resources and selecting the means, is studied. Taking ODA in Cambodia as an example,The operation flow chart of Japanese ODA is established."ensuring political security and realizing normal nationalization" and "obtaining economic dividends and seeking regional dominance" are the two major themes of Japan's foreign strategy.Finally, this paper analyzes the role of ODA in Japan's diplomatic strategy, economic strategy and security strategy, on the basis of which, the role of ODA in Japan's overall foreign strategy is positioned.Namely: ODA is a kind of policy tool used by Japan to realize the strategic goal of "normal nationalization" under the "comprehensive security view".As a policy, it is part of Japan's foreign strategy; as a tool, it is used in specific foreign policy, such as diplomacy, economy and security.
【学位授予单位】：国际关系学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D831.3

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