中美间政治军事危机管理探析

发布时间：2018-04-13 12:32

本文选题：政治军事危机 + 危机管理　；参考：《山东师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国是世界上最大的发达国家，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，作为举足轻重的大国，两国关系成为当今世界最重要的双边关系之一。两国在政治、经济、军事、文化、科技、信息、卫生等诸多领域进行交流与合作。但是在交流与合作中，中美关系不可避免的会面临各种危机的考验，在面对两个大国间发生政治军事危机时，危机管理就变得异常重要。美国前国防部长麦克纳马拉曾说过：“今后战略可能不复存在，取而代之的将是危机管理”，从这句话中我们能充分的认识到危机管理的重要现实意义。中美间发生的四起典型政治军事危机——“六四”风波、1995-1996年台海危机、炸馆危机、撞机事件也足以引发两国对危机管理的重视和思考。对四起危机的危机管理目标、手段、过程分析，不仅为危机管理研究提供了借鉴经验，而且也有助于提高我国对危机的认识和管理能力。本文第一部分从危机入手，清楚地界定了政治军事危机，并对危机管理的内涵、目标及其实现进行了详尽的解释分析，使读者从中认识到在面对不同的政治军事危机情势时要想实现成功的危机管理，必须要适时调整强制与和解的使用强度，，才能灵活应对各种复杂的局面。本文第二部分详细的分析了中美间发生的四起典型政治军事危机的表现、原因及危机管理状况，并以此为基础总结出中美间危机管理存在的问题。问题主要表现在：中美在危机管理过程中，通常呈现“美强中弱”的阵势；缺乏完善的危机预警和预控机制；缺乏相互了解和信任；缺乏有效的对话和沟通机制；在应对危机中由于缺乏专门的危机管理机构，致使危机处理缓慢，延缓双方关系的和解进程等等。本文第三部分主要针对中美间危机管理存在的问题提出了相应的对策途径，如：固守底线目标，争取较高目标；建立完善有效的危机预警和预控机制；加强中美军事热线的使用，增进了解和信任；建立完善有效的危机管理互动机制等等。本文第四部分对我国危机管理进行了整体思考，得出了我国目前正处于改革开放和全面建设小康社会的关键时刻，正处于社会转型敏感期，面临各种危机挑战，有效的进行危机管理为我国营造良好的建设发展环境至关重要这一结论。中美关系是世界上最重要的双边关系之一，建交33年来虽危机频仍，但双方致力于建立伙伴关系的大局始终没有改变，双方在不断调整中稳步发展。目前中美之间主要面临着美国对台军售、会见达赖和贸易摩擦三大危机挑战，面对涉及政治军事、宗教以及经济不同方面的危机，我们更要加紧危机管理理论建设，建立完善的危机管理机制，加强中美间各个方面的危机管理。我们真诚希望美国能够严格按照中美三个联合公报的原则来处理中美关系，摒除霸权心态，舍弃冷战思维，增进互信，避免猜疑，妥善处理敏感问题。我们也会以实际行动证明中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，永远不称霸。相信21世纪的中美两国会建立一个积极稳定的、全面合作的、相互信任的关系。
[Abstract]:The United States is the world ' s largest developed country , and China is one of the world ' s largest developing countries , which is one of the most important bilateral relations in the world .
The first part of this article starts with the crisis , clearly defines the political and military crisis , and makes a detailed explanation and analysis on the connotation , goal and realization of crisis management .
The second part of this paper analyzes the manifestations , causes and crisis management of the four typical political and military crises that have taken place between China and the United States , and sums up the problems existing in Sino - US crisis management .
Lack of sound crisis warning and pre - control mechanism ;
Lack of mutual understanding and trust ;
Lack of effective dialogue and communication mechanisms ;
In dealing with the crisis , due to the lack of specialized crisis management institutions , the crisis management is slow and the reconciliation process of the relations between the parties is delayed .
The third part of this paper mainly aims at the problems existing in the crisis management between China and the United States , and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures , such as the goal of sticking to the bottom line and striving for the higher goal ;
Establish and perfect effective crisis early warning and pre - control mechanism ;
To strengthen the use of the Sino - American military hotline and to promote understanding and trust ;
Establish and perfect effective crisis management interaction mechanism and so on .
The fourth part of this paper makes a whole reflection on the crisis management in China , and draws a conclusion that our country is in the key moment of reform and opening up and building a well - off society in a comprehensive way . It is in the sensitive period of social transformation . It is confronted with various crisis challenges . The effective crisis management is very important for our country to build a good development environment .
China - US relations are one of the most important bilateral relations in the world . Although the crisis is still not changing over the past 33 years , the two sides are committed to building a partnership . In the face of the crisis of political , military , religious and economic crises , we sincerely hope that the United States can strictly follow the principles of the three Sino - US joint communiques to deal with crisis management . We sincerely hope that the United States can strictly follow the principles of the three Sino - US joint communiques to deal with crisis management in all aspects of Sino - US relations . We sincerely hope that the United States can firmly follow the principles of the three Sino - US joint communiques to strengthen mutual trust , avoid suspicion and properly handle sensitive issues . We will also prove that China is firmly committed to peaceful development in the 21st century . It is believed that China and the United States in the 21st century have established a positive stable , comprehensive cooperation and mutual trust relationship .

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D822.371.2

【参考文献】