透过卢旺达（1994年）和科索沃（1999）人道主义介入实践的比较分析来理解联合国政治

发布时间：2018-04-17 04:33

本文选题：选择性政治 + 人道主义干预　；参考：《山东大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：人道主义干预是一个为广大学术界,政界以及舆论界广泛关注的问题。整个90年代,发生在伊拉克,索马里,卢旺达,波斯尼亚和科索沃的人权滥用的受到了道义上的评判。这让托尼布莱尔在1999年得出结论：我们所面临的最紧迫的外交政策问题是,辨别我们赢在干涉国家争端的大环境。在所有的情况和案件中,安理会设法解决其议程内有关维持和平的方面,涉及种族灭绝和大屠杀的那方面是最复杂的。国际共同体如何才能将应对这些情况?目前还没有达成真正解决问题的共识：何时及如何介入可能发生的基本问题?为挽救大规模侵犯人权行为的受害者,在使用武力的合法性上没有达成协议.甚至没有关于人道主义干预的定义,以及这是否是很合适的词方面也没有达成共识。而这些都是为什么在本研究中试图发现的有趣的地方：在理论和现实层面,什么是定义干预与否的基础。联合国人道主义干预行动的政策条件是什么?在何种情况下才会有人道主义干预,导致这种干预最关键的因素是什么?关于1994年发生在卢旺达大屠杀,以及科索沃的事情,影响国际局势的关键是什么?我的假设是：安全理事会所做出的回应是基于法律上的考虑,人道主义关切以及国家利益的考虑。保护的职责在理论上可能存在,但在实践中是“政治意愿”,这一切背后的因素,解释了安理会的行动。
[Abstract]:Humanitarian intervention is a widespread concern in academic, political and media circles.Throughout the 1990s, human rights abuses in Iraq, Somalia, Rwanda, Bosnia and Kosovo were judged morally.This led Tony Blair to conclude in 1999 that the most pressing foreign policy issue we face is to distinguish between the circumstances in which we win and interfere in state disputes.In all cases and cases, the Council has sought to resolve the peacekeeping aspects of its agenda, which are the most complex with regard to genocide and the Holocaust.How can the international community respond to these situations?There is no consensus on a real solution: when and how to intervene in the underlying issues that may arise?No agreement was reached on the legality of the use of force to save the victims of massive human rights violations.There is no consensus even on the definition of humanitarian intervention and on whether it is the right word.These are the interesting points why this study is trying to find out: what is the basis for defining intervention at both the theoretical and practical levels.What are the policy conditions for United Nations humanitarian intervention?Under what circumstances will there be humanitarian intervention and what are the most critical factors leading to such intervention?With regard to the 1994 massacre in Rwanda and the events in Kosovo, what is the key to the international situation?My assumption is that the Security Council's response is based on legal considerations, humanitarian concerns and considerations of national interest.The responsibility to protect may exist in theory, but in practice it is "political will", all of which explain the actions of the Security Council.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D813.2

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