1993年以来的柬埔寨与中国关系研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 20:09

本文选题：柬埔寨—中国双边关系 + 政治外交关系　；参考：《吉林大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本论文主要内容有1933年至当今柬埔寨与中国关系的历史背景,其次,我认为政治、军事和经济关系是影响双方深厚友谊以及未来合作伙伴关系的因素;论文还介绍了柬埔寨与中国关系的现状,影响双方关系的问题和积极因素,以及两国关系的未来前景。除了介绍的章节,论文分为四章: 第一章柬埔寨—中国关系的历史背景柬埔寨—中国关系的历史背景可以追溯到1296-1297年8月,元成宗铁穆耳年间,中国传教士周泽访问了高棉帝国时期的吴哥。本章基本论点是简要总结1993年之前柬埔寨与中国的关系以及1958年柬埔寨与中国建立正式外交关系的历史背景。 1953年柬埔寨从法国独立出后,诺罗敦西哈努克亲王采取了中立政策,以试图限制美国,泰国尤其是越南通过作为柬埔寨强人继承权的保护人来影响柬埔寨。1958年7月,柬埔寨与中国正式建立了外交关系,诺罗敦西哈努克亲王承认中华人民共和国,并同已故总理周恩来建立了长久的个人关系。从此,柬埔寨开始同中国的良好合作,西哈努克亲王在20世纪60年代的联合国竞选驱逐中国中帮助中国打破了孤立状态。 1970~1975年间,柬埔寨更名为以郎诺为总理的高棉共和国。郎诺政变,西索瓦施里玛达王子废黜正在国外旅行的西哈努克,并提供给其一个北京的住所。 1975年,波尔布特领导的红色高棉,推翻了美国支持的郎诺政府,接管柬埔寨。之后,中国对柬埔寨非常有影响力,派遣数千名技术人员来帮助红色高棉革命。随后,红色高棉改名为民主柬埔寨,并宣布波尔布特为总理。经过亲越南者推翻红色高棉的叛乱并在1979年于金边被抓后,被红色高棉囚禁在其居所的西哈努克亲王再次逃亡北京。然后,一个新的韩桑林领导的亲越政府成立。但是,在1979年至1990年,中国仍然支持红色高棉并在泰柬边境对其提供武器支持。1979年,红色高棉被击败后,中国决定对越南在柬埔寨的入侵占领给以教训,对越南进行了短暂的边境战争,一定程度上是为了威胁越南从柬埔寨撤出部队。柬埔寨交战各派与1991年10月23日签署了和平条约,包括红色高棉,越南支持的洪森政府以及西哈努克亲王派。在1991年10月的巴黎协定签署后,中国再次恢复同柬埔寨关系。1991年,自1975年以来中国新年在柬埔寨的庆祝活动首次被承认。第二章柬埔寨—中国关系的发展这部分旨在回答的问题是:柬埔寨同中国的关系为什么和如何自1993年开始有了明显发展?柬埔寨—中国的牢固关系的驱动因素是什么?第一种观点是中国承认在1997年爆发政治暴力运动后的柬埔寨新政府,中国对柬埔寨提供援助。相应的,柬埔寨承认一个中国的政策,关闭台湾在金边的办事处,同时,柬埔寨首相洪森频繁访问中国,并带回大量的援助。此外,中国逐渐成为柬埔寨第一合作伙伴,中国成为柬埔寨的最大捐助国,2009年捐助257亿美元,超过欧盟的214亿美元,两国贸易额在2008年达到了11亿美元,中国在柬埔寨的投资总额于2009年达到45亿美元。不过,随着柬埔寨和中国关系的日益加强,两国均满足了各自的利益。同中国的友好关系为柬埔寨带来了大量无条件援助和投资。这些援助和投资帮助柬埔寨减少贫困,加强其政治独立,并平衡着中国和西方力量。随着中国在柬埔寨的影响力不断上升,柬埔寨成为东南亚国家中一个中国政策的坚定支持者,通常支持中国的行动,例如2005年中国颁布的反分裂法。中国还获得了在柬埔寨政府推动下获得原材料的渠道。值得注意的是,中国同柬埔寨的密切关系旨在对抗美国和欧盟在东南亚地区的势力。然而,虽然柬埔寨—中国关系不断改善,但仍然存在着一些问题。柬埔寨对中国有着巨大的贸易逆差,从2007年的8.3736亿美元到2008年的10亿美元。第三章关键影响因素分析两国关系无论在政治还是经济上都反映着非常好的状态。除了这些坚实的双边关系,双边关系还存在着一些消极因素,正如下文所提出的一些问题。当然也存在着两国政府需考虑的有利因素以加强两国关系。首先,柬埔寨对中国的态度,中国保持着其对东南亚强劲商业外交的势头,同时北京区域经济影响力的重要部分即其一直是贷款,援助和投资的主要受益者之一。在柬埔寨经济各个方面中国实力在增长。随着柬埔寨政府接受中国数百万的援助和投资,观察员们仍然对中国崛起将在长时期内帮助或阻碍国家发展存在分歧。此外,主要目的是表明中国符合柬埔寨的引力,因为中国在柬埔寨发展中扮演者合作伙伴的重要角色。因此,他们相互促进。相对于中国在柬埔寨的利益,柬埔寨也能从中国获取利益。其次,现有的影响因素中,虽然中国的援助现在对柬埔寨经济发展是一个福音,但许多柬埔寨人痛苦的记得中国对波尔布特的支持,并指出对地方官员同中国援助投资项目的合谋协议的不满。随着中国持续扩大同柬埔寨的军事关系,国际社会会对此更加不舒服。在中国加入世贸组织后,中国市场在不断扩大,因此,中国将成为出口到美国和欧洲商品的最大竞争对手之一。这或多或少都会放缓柬埔寨的出口。第四章两国关系前景柬埔寨与中国的外交关系已建立多年。双方关系越来越密切。当今,通过双方高层领导人之间的频繁互访,柬埔寨—中国之间的政治关系不断加强。两国在2006年签署了全面合作伙伴关系条约。中国通过对柬埔寨的无条件援助和投资加强其影响。相应的,柬埔寨承认一个中国原则。双方相互培养伙伴关系。随着双方关系得以努力维护,可以预见两国将在未来几年达到全面的战略伙伴关系。然而,随着中国在柬埔寨的影响力不断加强,无条件的援助在促生着腐败,阻碍着柬埔寨的民主改革。在军事领域,中国增加对柬埔寨的军事援助,如提供6艘巡逻艇,在里姆基础上整修里姆和西哈努克港口等等。将来,柬埔寨将成为一个十分重要的区域基地保护海洋力量进入泰国海湾和马六甲海峡,中国海军舰艇会成为里姆和西哈努克港的常客。例如,在2008年11月5日,中国“郑和”号舰队及400名船员停靠西哈努克省5天,作为友好访问的一部分,旨在改善柬中两国海军关系。另一方面,中国在柬埔寨的国际直接投资增长的前景是光明的。现有潜力是中国同柬埔寨的人均国内生产总值对比和工业结构的差异。相信未来中国将增加在柬埔寨这个低工资地的投资。更重要的是,中国需要进口生产制成品所需的重要原材料和工业制成品。随着中国人均收入的持续增长,它还需要一些食品和农产品。柬埔寨可以通过有竞争优势的大米,糖,热带水果,天然橡胶,植物油等获得相对优势进入中国市场。此外,如果柬埔寨的出口结构要转向高生产率产品,即出口产品从原材料向制成品转变,那么可以期望增加对中国的出口总量。随着中国的出口结构从纺织品和服装向机械和电子工业转变,柬埔寨也应当提高对中国的纺织品和服装出口。简言之,柬埔寨目前是中国在东南亚最亲密的伙伴之一,双边关系在不久的将来将紧密加强。我们相信,随着柬埔寨—中国关系的不断改善,双边关系将持续加强并使两国获利。
[Abstract]:The main content of this paper is the historical background of the relationship between Kampuchea and China from the 1933 to the present. Secondly, I think that the political, military and economic relations are the factors that affect the deep friendship between the two sides and the future partnership. The paper also introduces the status of the relationship between Kampuchea and China, the relationship between the two sides and the positive factors, as well as the two countries. In addition to the chapters, the paper is divided into four chapters:
Chapter one: the historical background of Kampuchea China relations
The historical background of the relationship between Kampuchea and China can be traced back to the 1296-1297 year of August. In the years of the yuan Chan siemun, Chinese missionary Zhou Ze visited Khmer Angkor during the Khmer empire. The basic argument of this chapter is a brief summary of the relationship between Kampuchea and China before 1993 and the historical background of the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between Kampuchea and China in 1958.
After the independence of Kampuchea from France in 1953, the prince of Norodom Sihanouk adopted a neutral policy to try to restrict the United States. Thailand, especially Vietnam, influenced Kampuchea in July.1958 by the protector of the inheritance rights of Kampuchea strong men. Kampuchea and China formally established diplomatic relations. The prince of Norodom Sihanouk acknowledged the Chinese people. The people's Republic and the late prime minister Zhou Enlai established a long personal relationship. Since then, Kampuchea began to work well with China, and Prince Sihanouk helped China to break out of isolation in the 1960s United Nations campaign to expel China.
During 1970~1975, Kampuchea was renamed the Khmer Republic of langno, the Khmer Republic. The coup of Lango, Prince Sisowath Shree, deposed Sihanouk, who was traveling abroad, and offered his residence to a Beijing.
In 1975, Pohl Butt led the Khmer Rouge, overthrowing the United States backed lrno government and taking over Kampuchea. After that, China had a great influence on Kampuchea, sending thousands of technicians to help the Khmer Rouge revolution. Then, the Khmer Rouge was renamed as democratic Kampuchea and Pohl Butt was declared prime minister.
After the Khmer Rouge rebellion was overthrown by Pro Vietnamese people and after being caught in Phnom Penh in 1979, the Khmer Rouge was imprisoned by the prince of Sihanouk in its residence to Beijing again. Then, a new pro Vietnam government led by Han sang Lin was established. But from 1979 to 1990, China still supported the Khmer Rouge and offered it to the Thai Cambodian border. After its support in.1979, after the Khmer Rouge was defeated, China decided to teach the Vietnamese invasion and occupation of Kampuchea, a brief border war against Vietnam, to some extent to threaten Vietnam's withdrawal from Kampuchea. The Kampuchea warring factions signed the peace treaty with October 23, 1991, including the Khmer Rouge, Vietnam support. The Hong Sen administration and the prince of Sihanouk. After the signing of the Paris agreement in October 1991, China resumed its relationship with Kampuchea for.1991, and the celebration of the Chinese new year since 1975 was first recognized in Kampuchea.
The second chapter of the development of Kampuchea China relations
This part is to answer the question: why and how the relations between Kampuchea and China have developed obviously since 1993? What is the driving force of the strong relationship between Kampuchea and China? The first view is that China recognizes the new Kampuchea government after the outbreak of political violence in 1997, and China provides assistance to Kampuchea. Kampuchea acknowledged one China policy and closed the Taiwan office in Phnom Penh. Meanwhile, Hong Sen, the Prime Minister of Kampuchea, visited China frequently and brought back a lot of assistance. In addition, China became the first partner of Kampuchea. China became the largest donor in Kampuchea. In 2009, China contributed 2 to 5 billion 700 million dollars, exceeding the EU's 2? 1 billion 400 million US dollars, two China World Trade Center's volume reached $1 billion 100 million in 2008, and China's total investment in Kampuchea reached $4 billion 500 million in 2009. However, with the growing relationship between Kampuchea and China, both countries met their respective interests. The friendly relations with China brought a lot of free aid and investment to Kampuchea. These assistance and investment helped Cambodia. With the increasing influence of China in Kampuchea, Kampuchea has become a strong supporter of a Chinese policy in Southeast Asia and usually supports China's action, such as the anti secession law issued by China in 2005. China also won the government in Kampuchea. It is worth noting that the close relationship between China and Kampuchea is aimed at confronting the forces of the United States and the European Union in Southeast Asia. However, although the relations between Kampuchea and China continue to improve, there are still some problems. Kampuchea has a huge trade deficit with China, from $837 million 360 thousand in 2007 to $837 million 360 thousand. 1 billion dollars in 2008.
The analysis of the key factors in the third chapter
The relationship between the two countries reflects a very good state of politics and economy. In addition to these solid bilateral relations, there are some negative factors in bilateral relations, as are some of the questions put forward below. Of course, there are also favorable factors to be considered by the two governments to strengthen relations between the two countries.
First of all, Kampuchea's attitude towards China has maintained its momentum for strong commercial diplomacy in Southeast Asia. At the same time, the important part of Beijing's regional economic influence is one of the main beneficiaries of loans, assistance and investment. In all aspects of Kampuchea's economy, China's strength is growing. With the government of Kampuchea accepting millions of China With the aid and investment, observers still disagree on the rise of China for a long time to help or impede national development. In addition, the main purpose is to show that China is in line with Kampuchea's gravity, because China plays an important role in the development of Kampuchea. Therefore, they promote each other. Compared with China's interest in Kampuchea. Kampuchea is also able to gain benefits from China.
Secondly, among the existing factors, although China's aid is now a gospel for the economic development of Kampuchea, many Kampuchea people remember China's support for Pohl Butt in pain and point out the dissatisfaction with the conspiracy agreement between local officials and China's aid investment projects. The world will be more uncomfortable. After China's accession to the WTO, the Chinese market is expanding, so China will become one of the biggest rivals for exports to the United States and Europe. This will more or less slow Kampuchea's exports.
The fourth chapter of the relationship between the two countries
The diplomatic relations between Kampuchea and China have been established for many years. The relationship between the two sides is becoming more and more close. Today, through frequent visits between senior leaders of both sides, the political relations between Kampuchea and China have been strengthened. The two countries signed a comprehensive partnership treaty in 2006. China passed unconditional assistance and investment to Kampuchea. Accordingly, Kampuchea acknowledges the one China principle. The two sides foster a partnership with each other. With the efforts to maintain relations between the two sides, we can foresee a comprehensive strategic partnership in the next few years. However, as China's influence in Kampuchea continues to strengthen, unconditional aid is promoting corruption and hindering Cambodia. In the military field, China added military assistance to Kampuchea in the military field, such as providing 6 patrol boats, refurbishing reim and Sihanouk's ports on the basis of reim. In the future, Kampuchea will become a very important regional base for the protection of marine forces into the Thailand Bay and the Malacca Strait, and the Chinese naval vessels will become For example, in November 5, 2008, for example, China's "Zheng He" fleet and 400 crew members stopped in Sihanouk's province for 5 days as part of a friendly visit to improve the naval relations between the two countries.
On the other hand, the prospects for the growth of China's international direct investment in Kampuchea are bright. The current potential is the difference in GDP per capita between China and Kampuchea and the difference in industrial structure. It is believed that China will increase investment in the low wage in Kampuchea in the future. More importantly, China needs to import the heavy import of manufactured goods. For raw materials and manufactured goods. As China's per capita income continues to grow, it needs some food and agricultural products. Kampuchea can enter the Chinese market through competitive advantages of rice, sugar, tropical fruit, natural rubber, vegetable oil and so on. In addition, the export structure of Kampuchea is to turn to high productivity products, That is, exports from raw materials to manufactured goods can be expected to increase the total exports to China. As China's export structure changes from textiles and clothing to mechanical and electronic industries, Kampuchea should also increase exports of textiles and clothing to China.
In short, Kampuchea is now one of China's closest partners in Southeast Asia, and bilateral relations will be tightened in the near future. We believe that as the Kampuchea - China relationship continues to improve, bilateral relations will continue to strengthen and make the two countries profit.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D822.3

【引证文献】