中美在全球网络空间治理中的竞争与合作

发布时间：2018-04-24 22:03

本文选题：网络空间治理 + 中美关系　；参考：《上海国际问题研究院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：互联网自诞生以来,就以几何级数的速度发展,而网络空间,就是构筑在互联网基础设施建设之上的,能够为人类社会活动提供服务的虚拟空间。随着全球的数字化时代浪潮,网络空间成为人类历史上的“第五疆域”,也成为全球治理的重要领域。无论从互联网使用率和普及率,还是从网络技术发展水平来说,中美两国在网络空间中都属于大国,互联网对于两国的发展和稳定来说具有举足轻重的意义。同时,网络空间也是中美战略博弈的较量场,随着军事化的倾向的加强,网络空间可能成为人类历史上的又一处战场。由于两国所代表的不同治理理念和主张,以及治理模式,即“多利益攸关方”模式和政府主导下的多边模式,也成为网络空间治理行动难以统一,共识发展缓慢的原因之一。在具体议题上,中美两国因为历史和现实的原因,还存在诸多分歧。由于网络空间的独特属性,网络空间治理又有别于其他问题,故而传统路径显得捉襟见肘。本文利用全球网络空间治理机制复合体理论的分析框架,从“宽度”、“深度”、“组合体”和“履约度”四个角度对技术层面的ICANN管理权治理,以及行为规范层面的网络战议题和网络间谍议题进行分析,从中寻找中美双方在这些问题上的分歧和契合点,以及中美在目前进展缓慢的治理进程中如何寻得突破口。通过分析发现,“宽度”和“深度”程度较低的议题,中美的合作空间越大,由此得知中美合作的方向,应当是网络空间治理中尚未建立规则和规范的领域。也就是说,“建章立制”不仅是推动网络空间治理发展所要解决的迫切问题,也是中美目前合作空间最大的领域。事实证明,通过协调合作机制、平衡双方利益,中美确实可以在此类议题中积极合作,例如网络间谍活动方面。网络空间治理进程对中美关系的影响十分巨大,中美在网络空间治理领域的合作,不仅可以加强双边关系的建设,另一方面也可推动全球网络空间治理进程的发展。除此外,通过分析在这些议题中的双边互动模式,中美可以寻找到治理网络空间的最佳路径,并且,双边关系也得以在治理进程中进一步夯实。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of the Internet, it has developed at the speed of geometric progression, and cyberspace, which is built on the construction of Internet infrastructure, can provide services for human social activities. With the global digital era, cyberspace has become the "fifth territory" in human history and an important field of global governance. Both China and the United States belong to a large country in cyberspace, both in terms of the utilization rate and popularization rate of the Internet and the level of the development of network technology, and the Internet plays an important role in the development and stability of the two countries. At the same time, cyberspace is also the contest field of Sino-American strategic game. With the strengthening of militarization tendency, cyberspace may become another battlefield in human history. Because the two countries represent different governance ideas and ideas, as well as the governance model, that is, the "multi-stakeholder" model and the multilateral model led by the government, it is also one of the reasons that the cyberspace governance action is difficult to unify and the consensus development is slow. On specific issues, China and the United States because of historical and practical reasons, there are still many differences. Because of the unique property of cyberspace, cyberspace governance is different from other problems, so the traditional path is overstretched. This paper makes use of the analytical framework of the complex theory of global cyberspace governance mechanism to govern the ICANN management power at the technical level from the four angles of "width", "depth", "combination" and "performance degree". It also analyzes the issues of cyber warfare and cyber espionage at the level of code of conduct in order to find the differences and points of convergence between China and the United States on these issues, and how to find a breakthrough in the current slow progress of governance between China and the United States. Through the analysis, it is found that the greater the cooperation space between China and the United States is, the lower the degree of "width" and "depth" is, the direction of Sino-American cooperation should be the field of cyberspace governance that has not yet established rules and norms. That is to say, "establishing rules and regulations" is not only an urgent problem to be solved in promoting the development of cyberspace governance, but also the largest area of cooperation between China and the United States at present. It has proved that by coordinating cooperation mechanisms and balancing the interests of both sides, China and the United States can indeed actively cooperate on such issues, such as cyber espionage. The process of cyberspace governance has a great impact on Sino-US relations. The cooperation between China and the United States in the field of cyberspace governance can not only strengthen the construction of bilateral relations, but also promote the development of global cyberspace governance process. In addition, by analyzing bilateral interaction patterns in these issues, China and the United States can find the best way to govern cyberspace, and bilateral relations can be further consolidated in the governance process.
【学位授予单位】：上海国际问题研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D822.371.2;TP393.08

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