论英国对欧盟共同外交与安全政策的态度

发布时间：2018-04-27 11:47

本文选题：英国 + 欧盟　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 欧盟共同外交与安全政策包括欧盟共同外交政策与欧盟共同安全政策,是欧盟的三大支柱之一。它是原有的欧洲政治合作机制的扩展、强化与提升,是欧洲政治联盟计划的主要内容。欧盟共同外交与安全政策是欧洲一体化发展到一定阶段的必然产物,它的创立和发展是以欧洲一体化的进程为背景的。对于欧盟来说,欧盟共同外交与安全政策的重要性是不言而喻的。但是由于它涉及的是各国政府都比较敏感的主权这一核心领域,因此,在政策和行动方面的协商存在着很大的难度。经过长达半个多世纪的曲折发展,欧盟共同外交与安全政策的性质还基本上是体现多边主义的政府间合作机制,这就表明这一政策的决策权更多的保留在成员国手中。因此,欧盟共同外交与安全政策能否顺利实施,欧盟能否真正做到或者在多大程度上真正做到“以一个声音说话”,这与欧盟成员国尤其是英、德、法三大国对该政策的态度息息相关。英国作为传统的世界大国和欧洲的旗手,是拉动欧洲一体化进程的三驾马车之一。长期以来,英国对欧洲一体化一直保持着一种若即若离的态度。冷战后,随着德国的统一并迅速崛起,英国在欧洲的领导权开始受到严重的挑战,美国在欧洲的战略重心也开始转移,越来越重视与德国建立伙伴关系,这对传统的英美特殊伙伴关系构成严重的威胁。为了维护在欧洲的领导权,重新挽回美国的青睐,英国一改原来消极的态度,凭借其在欧洲强大的军事实力,决定从欧洲防务问题入手,重视在欧洲共同安全与防务领域的合作,积极推进欧盟共同外交与安全政策,以确立其在欧洲防务中的主导地位,防止被边缘化。由此可见,欧盟共同外交与安全政策已沦为了英国追求本国利益的工具。对未来欧盟共同外交与安全政策的发展,英国的态度因受到国家利益的牵制以及国际国内多种因素的影响将存在着很大的变数。同时,英国对欧盟共同外交与安全政策的态度又影响着欧盟共同外交与安全政策的实施和发展。本文主要分三个部分来论述。第一部分概述欧盟共同外交与安全政策的由来及发展,并对它的性质和相关概念作出了明确的界定。这为下部分的论述起到引入和铺垫的作用。第二部分以时间为线索,阐述了不同时期英国对欧盟共同外交与安全政策的态度的演变,并全面深入地分析了影响英国态度的因素。第三部分通过对具体案例的分析,探讨了英国的态度对欧盟共同外交与安全政策的影响。在结论部分,笔者展望了欧盟共同外交与安全政策的发展前景,对英国对与欧盟共同外交与安全政策的态度作出了进一步的分析,强调了英国的态度在欧盟共同外交与安全政策发展进程中的重要性。最后指出了本文研究的不足和今后努力的方向。
[Abstract]:The EU Common Foreign and Security Policy, including the EU Common Foreign Policy and the EU Common Security Policy, is one of the three pillars of the EU. It is the expansion, strengthening and promotion of the original European political cooperation mechanism, and is the main content of the European political union plan. The common foreign and security policy of the European Union is the inevitable outcome of the development of European integration to a certain stage, and its establishment and development is based on the process of European integration. For the EU, the importance of a common foreign and security policy is self-evident. However, as it concerns the core area of sovereignty, which is sensitive to all governments, consultations on policy and action are very difficult. After more than half a century of tortuous development, the nature of the EU's common foreign and security policy is basically a multilateral intergovernmental cooperation mechanism, which shows that the decision-making power of this policy is more reserved in the hands of member States. Therefore, whether the common foreign and security policy of the EU can be implemented smoothly, and whether the EU can really or to what extent "speak with one voice", this is in line with the EU member States, especially Britain and Germany. The attitude of the three major countries to this policy is closely related. As a traditional world power and European flag bearer, Britain is one of the troika driving the process of European integration. For a long time, Britain has maintained a distant attitude towards European integration. After the Cold War, with the unification and rapid rise of Germany, the British leadership in Europe began to be seriously challenged, and the strategic focus of the United States in Europe began to shift, and more and more attention was paid to establishing a partnership with Germany. This poses a serious threat to the traditional British-American special partnership. In order to safeguard the leadership in Europe and regain the favor of the United States, Britain changed its original negative attitude and decided to start with the European defense issue by virtue of its strong military strength in Europe. We should attach importance to cooperation in the field of common security and defense in Europe and actively promote the common foreign and security policy of the European Union in order to establish its leading position in European defense and prevent its marginalization. Thus, the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy has become a tool for Britain's pursuit of its own interests. For the future development of the common foreign and security policy of the European Union, there will be great variables in the British attitude because of the restraint of national interests and the influence of various international and domestic factors. At the same time, the British attitude to the common foreign and security policy of the European Union affects the implementation and development of the common foreign and security policy of the European Union. This article is mainly divided into three parts to discuss. The first part summarizes the origin and development of EU Common Foreign and Security Policy, and defines its nature and related concepts. This is the next part of the discussion to play a role in the introduction and foreshadowing. The second part, taking time as the clue, expounds the evolution of the British attitude to the common foreign and security policy of the European Union in different periods, and thoroughly analyzes the factors that affect the British attitude. The third part discusses the influence of British attitude on EU Common Foreign and Security Policy through the analysis of specific cases. In the conclusion part, the author looks forward to the development prospect of the common foreign and security policy of the European Union, and makes a further analysis of the British attitude towards the common foreign and security policy with the European Union. The importance of British attitude in the development of EU Common Foreign and Security Policy is emphasized. Finally, the paper points out the deficiency of this paper and the direction of future efforts.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D856.1

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