陈季同思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 13:26

本文选题：陈季同 + 爱国情结　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：陈季同,是晚清时期我国一位外交官、改革家、中西文化的双向传播者。他开启了“东学西传”与中西文化比较的先河,是近代我国一位著名的爱国人士。晚清时期,中华民族处于风雨飘摇之中,亡国灭种的危险随时都有可能发生。这种危机的局面激励着每一个爱国的仁人志士,为国家的富强和民族的独立而奋斗不止。陈季同旅居欧洲长达十六年之久,对西方文化和中国传统文化均有较为深厚的造诣。在旅居欧洲期间(1876—1892年),陈季同作为驻法、德等使馆的参赞、代理驻法大使,积极地为维护中华民族的利益而不断地奔走呼号,以自己的实际行动努力维护中华民族的利益。陈季同曾经创作了多部作品来宣传和介绍中华民族的传统文化,以此来消除西方人对中国的误解,努力纠正西方人对中国传统文化的偏见,在一定程度上纠正了西方人对中国的误解,提高了中国及中国人的地位,改善了中国人在西方人眼中的形象。陈季同的—生充满着对祖国无限的热爱。这种对祖国的爱,使陈季同时刻维护着祖国的利益,时刻为了祖国的富强与摆脱列强的侵略而奋斗。他是一位紧随着时代步伐、积极向上的、进步的民主政治思想家,同时他也是一位旅欧多年、经验丰富的外交官,是当时我国不可多得的外交人才。身受中西方文化熏陶的陈季同,既表现出对中华民族传统文化的挚爱与忠诚,也表现出了对西方先进文化的向往与追求。他在政治上追求政治民主化,但又割舍不了对清王朝最高统治者的拥护之情,割舍不了对传统文化的固守之情；在文化上,陈季同认识到了中国传统文化教育的落后性,主张文化教育要能培养出适应社会发展所需要的人才。另外,陈季同又主张,各个民族文化之间应和平地交流,不断地融合,共同为了世界文明的发展而贡献各自的力量；在经济上,陈季同对晚清时期我国的传统商业模式表示出了担忧,商业教育模式的落后性导致了中国经济人才的不兴,经济人才的不兴,导致了中国商业落后于经济的发展。因而,他主张清政府应向西方学习,学习西方先进的科学技术、商业模式、文化教育、甚而政治制度等内容,以此来发展我国的经济,使之繁荣与富强；在外交上,陈季同依据我国的国情与国际形势,提出了“不卑不亢”的外交理念。出于爱国心的驱使,陈季同为了国家和民族的利益而与外国列强据理力争,在外交上做到了“不卑不亢”。他的一些外交理念和行为,在一定程度上体现出了现代国家之间交往的理念与行为。陈季同亦对当时社会出现的“自大盲目”与“惧外媚外”外交思想和行为,提出了批评；同时,陈季同也是一位和平主义者、一位民族主义者。他反对西方国家通过暴力来侵略其他弱小国家的行为,他希望各个民族之间应该相互和平存在,中西方国家和民族之间应该摒弃战争、消除误会,相互合作,共同努力,利用各个民族的优秀文明成果,造福于人类。从整体上而言,陈季同的行为和思想既体现出了时代的特点,同时又超出了时代的要求,在他身上体现出了传统与现代的矛盾冲突,换句话说,也即在他身上体现出了中国传统文化与西方现代文化之间碰撞、融合之后的困惑。而这就注定了陈季同是一位孤独的先行者。
[Abstract]:Chen Ji is one of China ' s diplomats , reformers and bi - directional communicators in the late Qing Dynasty . He opened the first river of " East China West Transfer " and the comparison of Chinese and Western culture . It is a famous patriotic person in modern China .

During the period of the late Qing Dynasty , the Chinese nation was in the wind and rain , and the danger of the extinction of the country could happen at any time . The situation of the crisis stimulated every patriotic humanity to fight more than the country ' s rich and national independence .

Chen ' s love for the motherland has made Chen Ji maintain the interests of the motherland at the same time and strive for the prosperity of the motherland .
In the culture , Chen Qiong recognized the backwardness of Chinese traditional culture education , and advocated that cultural education should be able to cultivate the talents needed to meet the needs of social development . In addition , Chen Ji advocated that various ethnic cultures should be peacefully exchanged and fused , and contribute their respective forces for the development of the world civilization ;
In economics , Chen Ji expressed concern about the traditional business model of our country in the late Qing Dynasty . The backwardness of business education mode led to the development of Chinese economy talents . Therefore , he advocated that the Qing government should learn from the West , study the advanced science and technology , business mode , culture education , even political system , so as to develop our country ' s economy and make it prosperous and prosperous ;
On the basis of our country ' s national conditions and international situation , Chen Ji put forward the diplomatic idea of " not very low " . For the sake of patriotism , Chen Ji and foreign powers for the interests of the nation and the nation have not been able to contend with the foreign powers . He has made a certain degree of diplomatic ideas and behaviors , and has reflected the ideas and actions of the exchanges between modern countries .
At the same time , Mr . Chen was also a pacifist and a nationalist . He opposed Western countries ' actions to invade other vulnerable countries through violence . He hoped that there should be mutual peace among the peoples , and that China and the West should abandon the war , eliminate misunderstanding , cooperate with each other , work together , and make use of the achievements of the excellent civilization of each nation and benefit mankind .

On the whole , Chen Ji ' s behavior and thought not only reflect the characteristics of the times , but also go beyond the demands of the times . In other words , it reflects the conflict between the traditional culture and the modern culture , in other words , the confusion after the collision and fusion between Chinese traditional culture and western modern culture .

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D829;K252

【参考文献】