欧盟防务一体化的发展演变与未来前景

发布时间：2018-05-07 00:12

本文选题：欧盟 + 防务一体化　；参考：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：欧盟代表着现代民族国家通过合作与一体化道路克服敌对、争端与战争的独特典范与成功尝试。武力已经不再作为成员国之间发生争端时的优先选项,基于透明、开放、合作与相互依赖的安全理念深入欧洲大陆。半个世纪以来的欧洲一体化进程使成员国享受了前所未有的安全、自由和繁荣。但最近十年,欧盟似乎有些止步不前,国际社会对欧盟发展前景也逐渐转入悲观。作为最高领域的政治合作,防务一体化更是步履维艰。本文将从欧盟防务一体化的历史演进,发展现状以及未来前景着手,探究欧盟防务一体化走过的艰辛历程以及未来的发展方向。本文认为欧盟不具备发展成为高水平的防务一体化组织的历史积淀、外部环境、民意基础和国家意愿,一支代替成员国各自军队的欧洲军在可预见的将来仍是遥远的梦想。内部挑战和外部羁绊制约了欧盟未来的发展程度,这直接决定着防务合作能迈入何等层次。防务合作既是验证欧盟是否能真正突破国家主权概念、重塑欧盟身份的重要领域,也是欧盟能否克服羁绊、另辟蹊径的重要机遇。本文认为未来的欧盟防务合作有四种可能前景:一体化破灭,倒退到各自为政状态;有限度的军事合作,小步前行;形成核心欧洲,迈入新台阶;成立联邦国家,实现完全的防务一体化。相较而言,未来的欧盟防务合作仍有较大可能在第二种和第三种前景之间徘徊。统一的欧洲军难以实现,欧盟应该放弃不切实际的幻想,专注处理内部事务,务实采取符合成员国利益和各方期待的新举措,特别是注意处理好与北约的责任分配与协调问题,做到“和而不同”,使欧盟防务合作成为现行大西洋安全机制下的有益补充。
[Abstract]:The EU represents the unique model and successful attempt of modern nation-states to overcome their hostility, disputes and wars through the road of cooperation and integration. Armed force is no longer a priority in disputes among member states, and security concepts based on transparency, openness, cooperation and interdependence have reached out to the continent. The half-century process of European integration has enabled member states to enjoy unprecedented security, freedom and prosperity. But in the last decade, the EU seems to have stalled and the international community has gradually turned pessimistic about the EU's development prospects. As the highest field of political cooperation, defense integration is even more difficult. From the historical evolution, the present situation and the future prospect of the EU defense integration, this paper will explore the difficult course and the future development direction of the EU defense integration. This paper argues that the EU does not have the historical accumulation, external environment, public opinion base and national will to develop into a high-level defense integration organization, and that a European army that replaces the respective armies of the member states is still a distant dream for the foreseeable future. Internal challenges and external fetters restrict the future development of the EU, which directly determines the level of defense cooperation. Defense cooperation is not only an important field to test whether the EU can really break through the concept of national sovereignty and reshape the identity of EU, but also an important opportunity for the EU to overcome its fetters and find another way. This paper holds that there are four possible prospects for future EU defense cooperation: the collapse of integration and regression to a separate state; limited military cooperation, a small step forward; the formation of a core Europe to take it to a new level; the establishment of a federal state. Achieving complete defense integration. In contrast, future EU defence cooperation is more likely to linger between the second and the third. A unified European army is difficult to achieve, and the EU should abandon unrealistic illusions, concentrate on internal affairs, and pragmatically adopt new measures that are in the interests of member States and expected of all parties, especially the issue of responsibility allocation and coordination with NATO. To achieve "harmony but different", so that the European Union defense cooperation to become the current Atlantic security mechanism under a useful complement.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D814.1;E5

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