试析后冷战时期美国气候外交政策走向

发布时间：2018-05-07 21:30

本文选题：美国 + 后冷战时期　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：气候变化给人类社会发展带来深刻影响，不断增加的温室气体排放量致使全球气候持续变暖，海平面不断上升以及气候极端事件频繁发生，这些都已经成为严重威胁各国安全的重要因素。随着气候变化重要性不断提升，气候外交已成为双边与多边外交领域的重要组成部分和主要议题。美国作为冷战后唯一的超级大国，其气候外交政策成为世界长期关注的焦点。美国的气候外交政策的走向对国际多变的气候合作体系有着不容忽视的影响。奥巴马政府上任之初，改变了前任总统小布什对气候治理采用的单边主义风格，转变成比较务实和温和的路线。但无论奥巴马政府的气候外交政策有多大程度上调整，范围有多大改变，有一点永远不会变化，即美国的气候外交政策以现实主义为基础，无论何时，气候外交政策都以美国的国家利益最大化作出发点，，只是采取的方式将更加灵活多样。本文从对冷战后美国历届政府气候外交政策的梳理着手，通过比较研究方法，探析每一届总统是如何对前任政策进行修正及传承；重点评述奥巴马政府在气候合作方面的外交活动，由此探析冷战后美国历任总统的气候外交政策实质，即维护美国既得利益，争取美国在气候变化领域的领导地位，政策调整仅仅是为战略性需要做出的战术性调整，最后分析美国的气候外交政策走向，以及给中国带来的影响和启示。
[Abstract]:Climate change has had a profound impact on the development of human society, with increasing greenhouse gas emissions resulting in continued global warming, rising sea levels and frequent climate extremes, These have become a serious threat to the security of nations. With the increasing importance of climate change, climate diplomacy has become an important part and main topic in bilateral and multilateral diplomacy. As the only superpower after the Cold War, the United States' climate foreign policy has been the focus of the world for a long time. The trend of American climate foreign policy has a great influence on the international climate cooperation system. When the Obama administration took office, it changed President George W. Bush's style of unilateralism on climate governance to a more pragmatic and moderate course. But no matter how much the Obama administration's climate foreign policy is adjusted, and how much its scope changes, one thing will never change: that America's climate foreign policy is based on realism, whenever, Climate foreign policy is based on maximizing the national interest of the United States, but in a more flexible manner. This paper begins with the review of the climate foreign policy of the successive American governments after the Cold War, and analyzes how each president revises and inherits the policy of his predecessor by means of comparative research. Focusing on the Obama administration's diplomatic activities in climate cooperation, this paper explores the essence of the climate foreign policy of successive US presidents after the Cold War, that is, safeguarding the vested interests of the United States and striving for the leading position of the United States in the field of climate change. The policy adjustment is only a tactical adjustment for the strategic needs. Finally, it analyzes the trend of American climate foreign policy, and the influence and enlightenment to China.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2;X2

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