全球化、逆全球化与恐怖主义新浪潮

发布时间：2018-05-12 18:28

本文选题：全球化 + 逆全球化　；参考：《外交评论(外交学院学报)》2017年03期

【摘要】：全球化时代的恐怖主义,一方面得益于全球化提供的各种便利,另一方面以反对或抵制全球化为目标,阻碍全球化发展。自19世纪70年代产生以来,现代恐怖主义就具有重要的国际化维度,不过,直到全球化时代,恐怖主义的国际化才达到新的高度。受全球化的影响,当前国际社会遭遇的第四波恐怖主义,即"宗教恐怖主义",在恐怖袭击数量、致死率、攻击地域、组织结构、意识形态等方面呈现出新的特征。全球化至少通过五种机制影响了恐怖主义浪潮的存续,包括治理恐怖主义的必要性与国际社会治理能力之间的差距、全球化时代民族国家权力的流散导致国际社会与特定地区或国家的权威不足、全球化带来的迅速变迁导致民众产生强烈的本体不安全感、恐怖组织构建以反全球化为目的且能缓解目标群体本体不安全感的话语体系,以及全球化为恐怖组织和恐怖分子提供了网络等能够进行有效动员的工具。从长时段来看,作为一股反全球化或逆全球化力量,恐怖主义不足以彻底逆转全球化进程,但如何走出"越反越恐"的怪圈,推动全球化朝良性的方向发展,是国际社会需要关注和思考的问题。
[Abstract]:Terrorism in the era of globalization, on the one hand, benefits from all kinds of conveniences provided by globalization, on the other hand, it is aimed at opposing or resisting globalization and hinders its development. Modern terrorism has had an important dimension of internationalization since its emergence in the 1870s. However, the internationalization of terrorism has not reached a new height until the era of globalization. Under the influence of globalization, the fourth wave of terrorism, that is, "religious terrorism", encountered by the international community, presents new characteristics in terms of the number of terrorist attacks, the fatality rate, the region of attack, the organizational structure, the ideology, and so on. Globalization has influenced the continuation of the wave of terrorism through at least five mechanisms, including the gap between the need to combat terrorism and the capacity of the international community to govern, In the era of globalization, the dispersal of nation-state power leads to a lack of authority between the international community and a particular region or country, and the rapid changes brought about by globalization lead to a strong sense of ontology insecurity among the people. Terrorist organizations construct a discourse system that aims at anti-globalization and can alleviate the sense of ontology insecurity of target groups, and globalization provides terrorist organizations and terrorists with effective mobilization tools such as networks. In the long run, as an anti-globalization or anti-globalization force, terrorism is not enough to completely reverse the process of globalization, but how to get out of the strange circle of "more anti-globalization and more fear" and promote the globalization to develop in a benign direction. It is a problem that the international community should pay attention to and think about.
【作者单位】：兰州大学管理学院;兰州大学中亚研究所;
【基金】：杨恕主持的国家社科基金重点项目“涉疆反恐形势、机制与对策研究”(项目批准号:15AZD018) 周明主持的国家社科基金青年项目“中亚萨拉菲恐怖极端势力的关系及其对新疆安全的影响研究”(项目批准号:14CGJ016)的阶段性成果 “上海市高原学科(上海政法学院)”的资助
【分类号】：D815.5

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