20世纪20年代“门户开放”原则下的美国对华政策

发布时间：2018-05-14 21:52

本文选题：美国对华政策 + “门户开放”原则　；参考：《苏州大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 自从海约翰照会发布后,“门户开放”政策成为美国在远东与列强争夺的重要工具。虽然美国曾从自身利益出发,与日本有过妥协,但是美国在华始终坚持“门户开放”原则。在1922年的华盛顿会议上,美国通过《九国公约》将“门户开放”原则确立为20年代美国对华政策的核心思想。正是在这一原则指导下,美国分别对中国的北洋政府与南方政府采取了不同的态度。随着中国局势的变化,美国对华政策由支持到逐渐疏远北洋政府;从不理会到逐渐倾向南京政府,发生了一个重大的转变。美国之所以会转变态度,其原因有两点:一是为了顺应中国人民要求革命的发展潮流,二是符合美国在华利益的需要。美国对华政策的转变产生了广泛而深远的影响,不仅有利于中国大革命的发展和南京政权的巩固,加强了中美两国间的关系;还扩大了美国在华的权益,取得对华贸易优势地位;而且有力地约束了日本在华的军事扩张,维持了华盛顿体系下远东均势的格局。
[Abstract]:The "open door" policy has become an important tool for the United States to compete with the powers in the Far East. Although the United States has had a compromise with Japan from its own interests, the United States has always adhered to the "open door" principle in China. At the Washington Conference in 1922, the United States opened the door to the "portal" through the nine convention. Under the guidance of this principle, the United States has taken a different attitude towards the North Chinese government and the southern government of China. With the change of the situation in China, the US policy towards China is supported by the gradual alienation of the north ocean government, and the gradual inclination to the government of Nanjing has taken place. A major shift. The reason why the United States will change its attitude has two reasons: first, in order to conform to the Chinese people's demand for the development of the revolution, the two is in line with the needs of the American interests in China. The change of the US policy towards China has had a broad and far-reaching impact, not only conducive to the development of the Chinese revolution and the consolidation of the Nanjing regime, but also to the consolidation of the Chinese regime. It strengthened the relations between China and the United States, expanded the rights and interests of the United States in China and gained the advantage of trade with China; it also strongly restrained the military expansion of Japan in China and maintained the pattern of the Far East balance under the Washington system.

【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D871.2;K712.5

【引证文献】