中国国家元首出访与中国外交

发布时间：2018-06-07 23:46

本文选题：元首出访 + 首脑外交　；参考：《外交学院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：1949年新中国成立至今，8位国家元首先后进行了281次出访。不同的时期，中国国家元首出访的次数、地区分布和内容都有着很大的不同。从国家元首出访的次数来看，中国国家元首的出访次数呈逐任增加的趋势。在1949-1966年期间，受国内外局势和决策层分工影响，中国国家元首出访次数有限；1983-1993年期间，从1966年起停滞了18年的中国国家元首出访得以恢复，并有了较大幅度的增长；1993年以后，中国国家元首开始频繁出访，中国国家元首出访进入了繁荣时期。国家元首出访次数的不断增加体现了中国与世界各国日益增加的互动和不断密切的双边关系，还体现了中国国家元首对于出访的日益重视。从国家元首出访的地区分布来看，中国国家元首出访的地区从点到线进而拓展到了面。在建国初期，毛泽东出访的国家只有苏联一个点；1959年后，刘少奇出访亚洲民族主义国家，将中国国家元首出访的区域延展成了线；1983年以后，两任中国国家元首将出访的地区开始逐渐拓展到全世界；1993年后的每任中国国家元首都完成了对全世界各个地区的访问。这种从点到线再到面的变化生动的体现了中国融入世界的水平和进程。从国家元首出访的内容来看，不论是在与对方领导人的会谈内容及最终的成果上，，还是在出访过程中进行的其他活动，都在随着中国国家利益的需要而进行改变。在毛泽东和刘少奇的时代，国家元首出访的主要内容是加强国家间的政治交往；到了李先念和杨尚昆的时代，经济元素开始出现在国家元首出访的内容中；1993年以后，中国国家元首出访的内容更是经历了从政治、经济的合作到政治、经济、文化多领域合作再到树立中国国家形象的变化。国家元首是一国外交政策的最高执行者，而国家元首出访则是元首外交最为重要的形式之一。因此，考察中国国家元首出访的变化将从侧面反应出中国外交在建国来所发生的改变。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of new China in 1949, 8 heads of state have made 281 visits. Different times, the number of visits by the head of state of China, the distribution and content of the region are very different.
From the number of visits by the heads of state, the number of visits by the heads of state of China has been increasing. In the period of 1949-1966 years, the number of visits by Chinese heads of state is limited by the situation in and outside the country and the division of labor in the decision-making level; during the 1983-1993 year, the visit of the Chinese heads of state, which has been stagnant for 18 years, has been restored from 1966 and has been compared. After 1993, Chinese heads of state began frequent visits, and the visit of Chinese heads of state entered a period of prosperity. The increasing number of visits by the heads of state reflects the increasing interaction and close bilateral relations between China and the world, and the increasing attention of the Chinese heads of state to the visit.
From the regional distribution of the heads of state, the region of the Chinese heads of state visited from point to line. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic, Mao Zedong visited only one point in the Soviet Union; after 1959, Liu Shaoji visited the Asian nationalist country and extended the area of the visit of the Chinese heads of state to the line; after 1983, the two term The region of the Chinese state of state has gradually expanded to the whole world; the capital of each Chinese national yuan after 1993 has completed a visit to all regions of the world. This change from point to line to surface vividly embodies the level and process of China's integration into the world.
From the content of the visit of the head of state, whether it is in the content and final results of the talks with the other leaders, or the other activities in the course of the visit, it is changing with the needs of the national interests of China. In the era of Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoji, the main content of the visit of the head of state is to strengthen the politics between the States. In the era of Li Xiannian and Yang Shangkun, the economic elements began to appear in the content of the visit of the head of state. After 1993, the contents of the visit of the Chinese heads of state had gone through the changes from political, economic cooperation to political, economic and cultural cooperation to the establishment of the image of the Chinese state.
The head of state is the highest executor of a foreign policy, and the visit of the head of state is one of the most important forms of the head of state diplomacy. Therefore, the changes in the visit of the head of state of China will reflect the changes in the Chinese diplomacy in the founding of the people's Republic.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D822.3

【参考文献】