在满朝鲜人的身份与社会地位变化原因研究
发布时间：2018-08-20 15:33
【摘要】：19世纪中期,一部分朝鲜人移居到东北地区,以"朝鲜族"的身份生活。移民初期,他们虽然迁移到东北地区,但并没有被民族同化,仍然以朝鲜人的身份生活,处于社会最底层。其中一部分朝鲜移民为了获得土地所有权、免遭中国的压迫、改善贫困生活状态,归化入籍,这导致在满朝鲜人的身份和地位发生了翻天覆地的变化。到了民国时期,日本为了掩盖其侵略大陆的本质,借保护朝鲜人的口实,于1907年,在龙井村建立了 "统监府间岛临时派出所"。此后,日本利用"间岛问题",缔结了 "间岛协约",并设立"间岛日本总领事馆",扩张了其在东北的势力。在这一过程中,中日两国在外交上针对朝鲜人的问题发生了一系列摩擦,并且因为日本人想要利用朝鲜人扩张其在东北的势力的原因,中国从之前怜悯并且帮助朝鲜人的态度转换为厌恶的态度。特别是"三矢协定"为中国官员可以在没有日本的干涉下管理朝鲜人的权力提供法律根据以后,张作霖政权开始对朝鲜人实施排挤行为,并限制了朝鲜人的归化入籍。1931年,日本借着九一八事变建立了"满州国",这使得在中国和日本中间处于复杂和较低社会地位的朝鲜人的身份地位发生了很大的变化。在1937年治外法权废止之前,朝鲜人受日本大使馆、日本领事馆和朝鲜总督府等支配。他们赋予朝鲜人"治外法权",认可朝鲜人相比其他民族,有着"特殊的地位"。以此来达到统治朝鲜人的目的,并企图通过直接统治朝鲜人来有效地打压抗日武装运动。1931年,日本为了向朝鲜人灌输"满州国"的国民意识,达到统治朝鲜人的目的,建立了"朝鲜人民会"。1936年,这个从安东地区开始的民会发展到约20%的在满朝鲜人加入的规模,成了较大的民会组织,对朝鲜人有着重要的影响力。1937年,殖民体制渐渐稳定,日本废除了 "治外法权",将民会等各种亲日团体规整到了协和会。然后通过协和会对在满朝鲜人实施统治。协和会是一个维护日本统治的组织,以分会为主体开展活动,实质是想以日本人为核心,实现民族融合,但它并没有消除民族间的对立。此外,"满州国"为了解决朝鲜人的国籍问题,试图制定国籍法,但最终未能制定完成。这使得部分在"满州国"的朝鲜人希望通过完全成为"满州国"民来拥有更好的社会身份和地位的期待,以及亲日分子希望通过"治外法权"获得"日本臣民"的企图都化为幻影。"满州国"不是一个独立的国家,而是一个伪装成独立国家的傀儡政权,它使得朝鲜人成为日本方便利用的一个民族。在废除"治外法权"之前,其他民族对朝鲜人拥有"特殊地位"持不满的态度,但事实上朝鲜人拥有的"特殊地位"却没有使他们的身份和社会地位得到提升。
[Abstract]:In the mid-19th century, some Koreans migrated to the Northeast China to live as "Korean Nationality". In the early period of immigration, although they migrated to the Northeast China, they were not assimilated, but still lived as Koreans and were at the bottom of the society. The impoverished living conditions and Naturalization led to the earth-shaking changes in the identity and status of the Manchu Koreans. In order to cover up the nature of its invasion of the mainland and protect the Koreans, in 1907 Japan established a temporary police station in Longjing Village, which was called the "Inter-Prefectural Island Police Station". In the process, China and Japan had a series of diplomatic frictions against the Koreans, and because the Japanese wanted to use the Koreans to expand their influence in the Northeast, China had pitied and helped the DPRK. People's attitudes changed to disgusting attitudes. Especially after the "three arrows agreement" provided legal basis for Chinese officials to manage the power of the Koreans without Japan's interference, the regime of Zhang Zuolin began to exclude the Koreans and restrict their naturalization. In 1931, Japan established Manchuria through the September 18 Incident. Before the abolition of extraterritorial jurisdiction in 1937, the Korean people were governed by the Japanese Embassy, the Japanese Consulate and the Korean Governor's Office. They gave the Korean people extraterritorial jurisdiction and recognized the Korean people as compared with other nationalities. In 1931, Japan established the Korean People's Association (DPRK) in order to instill the national consciousness of Manchukuo into the Korean people and achieve the goal of dominating the Korean people. In 1937, the colonial system gradually stabilized, Japan abolished the "extraterritorial jurisdiction" and regulated various pro-Japanese groups to the Concorde. Then through the Concorde, the Concorde ruled over the people of Manchuria. It is an organization that maintains Japanese rule and carries out activities with the branch as the main body. The essence of its activities is to take the Japanese as the core and achieve national integration, but it does not eliminate ethnic antagonism. The expectation that the Koreans would have a better social status and status by becoming fully "Manchukuo" citizens, and the desire of pro-Japanese elements to gain "Japanese subjects" through "extraterritorial jurisdiction" have all been phantom. Before the abolition of "extraterritorial jurisdiction", other nationalities were dissatisfied with the "special status" of the Korean people, but in fact, the "special status" of the Korean people did not enhance their status and social status.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D829.312.5
[Abstract]:In the mid-19th century, some Koreans migrated to the Northeast China to live as "Korean Nationality". In the early period of immigration, although they migrated to the Northeast China, they were not assimilated, but still lived as Koreans and were at the bottom of the society. The impoverished living conditions and Naturalization led to the earth-shaking changes in the identity and status of the Manchu Koreans. In order to cover up the nature of its invasion of the mainland and protect the Koreans, in 1907 Japan established a temporary police station in Longjing Village, which was called the "Inter-Prefectural Island Police Station". In the process, China and Japan had a series of diplomatic frictions against the Koreans, and because the Japanese wanted to use the Koreans to expand their influence in the Northeast, China had pitied and helped the DPRK. People's attitudes changed to disgusting attitudes. Especially after the "three arrows agreement" provided legal basis for Chinese officials to manage the power of the Koreans without Japan's interference, the regime of Zhang Zuolin began to exclude the Koreans and restrict their naturalization. In 1931, Japan established Manchuria through the September 18 Incident. Before the abolition of extraterritorial jurisdiction in 1937, the Korean people were governed by the Japanese Embassy, the Japanese Consulate and the Korean Governor's Office. They gave the Korean people extraterritorial jurisdiction and recognized the Korean people as compared with other nationalities. In 1931, Japan established the Korean People's Association (DPRK) in order to instill the national consciousness of Manchukuo into the Korean people and achieve the goal of dominating the Korean people. In 1937, the colonial system gradually stabilized, Japan abolished the "extraterritorial jurisdiction" and regulated various pro-Japanese groups to the Concorde. Then through the Concorde, the Concorde ruled over the people of Manchuria. It is an organization that maintains Japanese rule and carries out activities with the branch as the main body. The essence of its activities is to take the Japanese as the core and achieve national integration, but it does not eliminate ethnic antagonism. The expectation that the Koreans would have a better social status and status by becoming fully "Manchukuo" citizens, and the desire of pro-Japanese elements to gain "Japanese subjects" through "extraterritorial jurisdiction" have all been phantom. Before the abolition of "extraterritorial jurisdiction", other nationalities were dissatisfied with the "special status" of the Korean people, but in fact, the "special status" of the Korean people did not enhance their status and social status.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D829.312.5
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