非殖民化与冷战策略:战后初期美国对缅甸政策的动因和影响

发布时间：2018-08-28 17:00

【摘要】：二战之后,美国开始关注和介入缅甸政治事务。美国先是积极支持缅甸脱离英国殖民统治,后又尽早与缅甸建立外交关系,向缅甸政府提供援助。美国对缅甸的支持态度,客观上推动了英国转变对缅政策,也对缅甸联邦政府的政治倾向产生了一定影响。审视美国解密政府档案可见,战后初期的美国对缅政策,实则源自两个出发点:一是利用非殖民化语境,扩张美国在缅甸的经济利益和政治影响力;二是在遏制苏联的冷战策略下,防范缅甸共产主义力量的发展。二战后美国对缅政策的构想和实践,反映了英美在特殊关系下兼具利益矛盾性与一致性,也折射出美国在亚太地区的国家安全策略。
[Abstract]:After World War II, the United States began to focus on and intervene in Myanmar's political affairs. The United States first actively supported Myanmar's separation from British colonial rule, and then established diplomatic relations with Myanmar as soon as possible to provide assistance to the Burmese government. The support attitude of the United States to Myanmar objectively promoted Britain to change its policy towards Myanmar, and also had a certain influence on the political tendency of the Myanmar Union Government. After examining the United States' declassification of government files, it can be seen that the United States' policy towards Myanmar in the early postwar period was actually derived from two starting points: first, to use the context of decolonization to expand the economic interests and political influence of the United States in Myanmar; The second is to guard against the development of communist forces in Myanmar under the Cold War strategy of containing the Soviet Union. The conception and practice of American policy towards Myanmar after World War II reflect the contradiction and consistency of American and British interests under the special relationship, and also reflect the national security strategy of the United States in the Asia-Pacific region.
【作者单位】：广州行政学院;
【基金】：广东省哲学社会科学“十二五”规划青年项目“二战后英国对缅甸的非殖民化决策考察”(GD13YLS01) 2014年国家社科基金青年项目“二战后英美对缅甸的政策研究(1945—1952)”(14CSS011)
【分类号】：D871.2

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