美国对埃及援助及美埃关系研究（1969-1977）

发布时间：2018-09-06 12:04

【摘要】：尼克松上台之初，发表了“关岛讲话”，后又扩展为“尼克松主义”，一改其前任对中东地区的政策，积极参与解决阿以争端，以保持美国在中东地区的地位。作为阿拉伯世界的代表，埃及同美国的关系伴随着美国对其所提供的援助而显得有些反反复复。自从“六五战争”之后，美国同埃及中断外交往来，实际上两国并未真正中断联系，而是以其他渠道进行沟通。尼克松入主白宫之后，调整了美国的全球战略，在中东地区政策上也做出了相应的改变，对埃及的援助也从“六五战争”之后的中断开始慢慢恢复。这一时期美国同埃及关系的变化，除了与阿以争端、美国的全球计划和美国冷战时期的策略有关之外，援助政策的变化也是不可忽视的一个因素。作为外交政策的组成部分，美国仰仗其无可比拟的优势，利用对外援助实现了诸多国家目标，维护了美国在世界各个地区的国家利益。援助政策的变化与美埃关系的变化相互作用相互影响。此外，美国《国家安全研究备忘录第200号》和“水门事件”，也使美国对埃及的援助政策倾向产生变化，，影响了两国关系的发展，而这一点恰被忽略。“十月战争”是美埃关系的又一次转折，之后尼克松因“水门事件”被迫辞职，福特继任，两国关系又因援助政策的延续一致性而迅速发展。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of Nixon's coming to power, he delivered "Guam speech" and then expanded to "Nixon Doctrine". He changed his predecessor's policy toward the Middle East region and actively participated in resolving the Arab-Israeli dispute in order to maintain the status of the United States in the Middle East region. As a representative of the Arab world, Egypt's relations with the United States seem to have been repeated with the aid provided to it by the United States. Since the "June 5th War", the United States and Egypt have interrupted diplomatic exchanges. In fact, the two countries have not really broken off their contacts, but have been communicating through other channels. After Nixon took office in the White House, he adjusted America's global strategy and made corresponding changes in Middle East policy. Aid to Egypt began to recover slowly from the interruption after the "June 5th War". The changes in the relations between the United States and Egypt during this period are not only related to the Arab-Israeli dispute, the global plan of the United States and the strategy of the United States during the Cold War, but also the changes in the aid policy should not be ignored. As an integral part of foreign policy, the United States relies on its unparalleled advantages to use foreign aid to achieve many national goals and to safeguard the national interests of the United States in various parts of the world. The change of aid policy and the change of American-Egyptian relations interact with each other. In addition, the U.S.National Security Research Memorandum No. 200 and the Watergate incident also changed the tendency of US aid policy toward Egypt, which affected the development of bilateral relations, which was neglected. The October War was another turning point in relations between the United States and Egypt, after Nixon was forced to resign because of the Watergate incident, Ford succeeded him, and relations between the two countries developed rapidly because of the continuity and consistency of aid policies.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2;D841.1

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