中阿关系中的双边认知（1949-2009）

发布时间：2018-09-10 09:43

【摘要】：本文题为“中阿关系中的双边认知”,旨在从认知层面较为系统和深入地考察1949-2009这60年间中国和阿拉伯世界的关系。中国与阿拉伯的关系源远流长，历史上的陆上和海上丝绸之路曾是连接双方的纽带。1949年中华人民共和国成立后，中阿关系进入了一个新时代。经过60年的发展，中阿关系无论是深度还是广度都达到了新高度。学术界对于中阿关系给予了持续的关注，但目前的探讨和研究或是停留在历史层面，更多是对史实的还原与再现；或是聚焦于现实问题，致力于对中阿关系中的热点加以评论、跟踪和展望，对双方关系的深度考察和探讨还显得薄弱。本文的着力点在于将认知学运用于国际关系研究领域，尝试运用认知心理学的理论和方法研究中华人民共和国成立以来的中国—阿拉伯的双向认知，以及对双边关系的影响。论文首先从认知心理学的范畴，对认知的概念、表现、层次、影响因素加以辨析，指出认知是感觉输入的变换、减少、解释、贮存和恢复的全部过程，并尝试将其运用于对国际关系的研究中。论文认为，在国际关系领域，根据认知主体的不同，认知可以分为政府层次、精英层次和民间层次。论文结合案例，分析中阿认知各个层次的特点，指出不同层次之间的互动，直接或间接地影响到中阿之间的双向认知，进而影响到外交政策的制定和相互关系的展开。论文认为，，国际关系领域中的认知，根据其领域又可划分为政治、经济、文化、安全等不同的层面。不同时期不同层面的不同定位，以及不同层面之间的相互作用，直接或间接地影响到对对方的认知，进而影响到对对方的政策，以及相互关系的展开。论文认为，在心理学层面影响认知的主要因素包括：成熟、物理环境、社会环境和自我调节的平衡过程等，这些因素作用于中阿相互认知，主要体现在：信仰体系（意识形态）、国内政治与国际格局等三个层面。论文以中阿关系的历史演变为基本线索，以搜集的中文、阿文和英文文献为基本依托，以不同时期的典型案例为实证研究的对象，将1949-2009这60年间的中阿关系区分为1949-1978（中华人民共和国建国—中国改革开放前）、1978-2001（中国改革开放-“9·11”事件）、2001-2009（“9·11”事件以来）等三个时期；分别从政府、精英、民间三个视角，政治、经济、文化、安全四个层面，以及信仰体系、国内政治和国际格局三个角度，对中阿双向认知的内容、特点及其作用进行了较为系统而深入的考察。本文的研究结论包括：①中阿认知在层次上的特点为：改革开放以前，政府层次占主导地位，精英层次主要体现为领袖人物和外交官的影响力，民众参与中阿认知还有所不足；改革开放后，民间层次的地位上升，出现了以学者为核心的精英群体；“9·11”事件后，中阿认知呈现出政府主导、精英引导和民众参与的特征；②中阿认知在层面上随着各个时期重心不同，经历了从“政权合法性”向“国家利益为中心”向“国际共同利益攸关体”的演变；③在影响因素上，从中华人民共和国成立到改革开放以前，意识形态在中阿认知中占主导地位，改革开放以后，中国开始以经济建设为中心，国内因素的地位提升，“9·11”事件后，反恐战争引发的国际格局的转型在中阿认知中占据了主要地位。
[Abstract]:This paper, entitled "Bilateral Cognition in Sino-Arab Relations", aims to examine the relationship between China and the Arab world in the 60 years from 1949 to 2009 from a cognitive perspective. Sino-Arab relations have entered a new era. After 60 years of development, Sino-Arab relations have reached new heights in both depth and breadth.
The academic circles have paid sustained attention to Sino-Arab relations, but the current discussion and research either stay at the historical level, more on the restoration and reappearance of historical facts; or focus on practical issues, devoted to commenting on the hot spots in Sino-Arab relations, tracking and prospecting, the in-depth investigation and discussion of bilateral relations is still weak. The focus of this paper is to apply cognitive science to the field of international relations, and try to use the theory and method of cognitive psychology to study the Chinese-Arab two-way cognition since the founding of the People's Republic of China and its impact on bilateral relations.
Firstly, from the category of cognitive psychology, this paper discriminates the concepts, manifestations, levels and influencing factors of cognition, and points out that cognition is the whole process of transformation, reduction, interpretation, storage and recovery of sensory input, and tries to apply it to the study of international relations.
In the field of international relations, according to the different cognitive subjects, cognition can be divided into government level, elite level and non-governmental level. This paper analyzes the characteristics of each level of cognition in Argentina and points out that the interaction between different levels directly or indirectly affects the two-way cognition between China and Argentina, and then affects foreign policy. Formulation and mutual relationship.
The paper holds that cognition in the field of international relations can be divided into political, economic, cultural, and security levels according to their fields. The different orientations of different levels in different periods and the interaction between different levels directly or indirectly affect the cognition of the other side, thereby affecting the policy of the other side, and the relationship between them. Unfolding.
The paper holds that the main factors affecting cognition at the psychological level include: maturity, physical environment, social environment and the balance process of self-regulation. These factors affect the mutual recognition between China and Argentina, mainly reflected in the belief system (ideology), domestic politics and international pattern.
Taking the historical evolution of Sino-Arab relations as the basic clue, relying on the collected Chinese, Arabic and English literature, and taking the typical cases in different periods as the object of empirical study, this paper divides the Sino-Arab relations between 1949 and 2009 into 1949-1978 (before the founding of the People's Republic of China and China's reform and opening-up), 1978-2001 (the separation of China's reform) Fang - "9.11" incident, 2001-2009 (since "9.11" incident); respectively from the government, elite, civil perspective, political, economic, cultural, security four levels, as well as the belief system, domestic and international political structure, the two-way understanding of the content, characteristics and role of a more systematic and in-depth. Investigate.
The conclusions of this study are as follows: 1) Before the reform and opening up, the government level was dominant, the elite level was mainly reflected in the influence of leaders and diplomats, and the public participation in the Sino-Arab cognition was insufficient; after the reform and opening up, the status of the non-governmental level rose, and scholars as the core appeared. After the September 11 incident, the cognition of China and Argentina showed the characteristics of government-led, elite-led and popular participation; (2) The cognition of China and Argentina changed from "regime legitimacy" to "national interest-centered" to "international common stakeholders" with the different focus of attention in different periods at different levels; From the founding of the People's Republic of China to the time of reform and opening-up, ideology played a dominant role in the cognition of China and Argentina. After the reform and opening-up, China began to focus on economic construction and upgrade the status of domestic factors. After the September 11 incident, the transformation of the international pattern caused by the war on terrorism occupied a major position in the cognition of China and Argentina.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D822.337.1

【参考文献】