奥巴马巧实力外交战略下的美国中东政策
发布时间：2018-10-08 13:55
【摘要】：2009年1月20日,奥巴马就任新一届美国总统,确立了以“巧实力战略”为基调,以“疗伤外交”、“接触外交”、“合作外交”为主线的外交政策。“巧实力”外交战略的创立直接反映了奥巴马政府面临小布什的单边主义、先发制人的对外战略与次贷危机重创美国经济和信心,美国国际声望和影响力下降之间的矛盾。此外,新兴大国实力的增强,非传统安全威胁的加剧,美俄关系紧张、美欧关系恶化也使得“巧实力”外交战略成为奥巴马政府的必然选择。然而,巧实力外交战略维护美国霸权地位的战略目标仍然没有改变。 中东政策仍然是奥巴马政府对外战略的支柱,特别是强调使用外交手段解决中东问题,并吸引地区和世界各国与美国展开合作。其主要任务是以下几个方面：重塑美国与伊斯兰世界的关系,结束伊拉克战争,转移反恐战略支柱,遏制伊核危机和力促巴以和谈。 然而,奥巴马任期过半,其中东政策却远没有达到预期的效果。究其原因,是受到美国国内利益集团、中东地区国家内部矛盾、地区结构的变化以及国际战略格局层面的多重制约。
[Abstract]:On January 20, 2009, Obama took office as the new president of the United States and established a foreign policy with "skillful strength strategy" as the keynote, "healing diplomacy", "contact diplomacy" and "cooperative diplomacy" as the main line. The establishment of the diplomatic strategy of "skillful strength" directly reflects the contradiction between the Obama administration facing Bush's unilateralism, the pre-emptive foreign strategy and the subprime mortgage crisis, which have hit the U.S. economy and confidence, and the decline of American international prestige and influence. In addition, the increasing strength of emerging powers, the intensification of non-traditional security threats, the tense relations between the United States and Russia, and the deterioration of relations between the United States and Europe also make the diplomatic strategy of "skillful power" an inevitable choice for the Obama administration. However, the strategic goal of diplomatic strategy of skillful power to maintain the hegemonic position of the United States remains unchanged. The Middle East policy remains a pillar of the Obama administration's foreign strategy, with particular emphasis on diplomatic solutions to Middle East issues and on attracting regional and world cooperation with the United States. Its main tasks are as follows: reshaping the relationship between the United States and the Islamic world, ending the Iraq war, shifting the strategic pillar of anti-terrorism, containing the Iraqi nuclear crisis, and pushing for Palestinian-Israeli peace talks. Mr Obama's Middle East policy, however, has fallen far short of what was expected in the more than half of his term. The reason is that it is restricted by the domestic interest groups in the United States, the contradictions within the countries of the Middle East region, the changes of regional structure and the level of international strategic pattern.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2;D815.4
本文编号：2257007
[Abstract]:On January 20, 2009, Obama took office as the new president of the United States and established a foreign policy with "skillful strength strategy" as the keynote, "healing diplomacy", "contact diplomacy" and "cooperative diplomacy" as the main line. The establishment of the diplomatic strategy of "skillful strength" directly reflects the contradiction between the Obama administration facing Bush's unilateralism, the pre-emptive foreign strategy and the subprime mortgage crisis, which have hit the U.S. economy and confidence, and the decline of American international prestige and influence. In addition, the increasing strength of emerging powers, the intensification of non-traditional security threats, the tense relations between the United States and Russia, and the deterioration of relations between the United States and Europe also make the diplomatic strategy of "skillful power" an inevitable choice for the Obama administration. However, the strategic goal of diplomatic strategy of skillful power to maintain the hegemonic position of the United States remains unchanged. The Middle East policy remains a pillar of the Obama administration's foreign strategy, with particular emphasis on diplomatic solutions to Middle East issues and on attracting regional and world cooperation with the United States. Its main tasks are as follows: reshaping the relationship between the United States and the Islamic world, ending the Iraq war, shifting the strategic pillar of anti-terrorism, containing the Iraqi nuclear crisis, and pushing for Palestinian-Israeli peace talks. Mr Obama's Middle East policy, however, has fallen far short of what was expected in the more than half of his term. The reason is that it is restricted by the domestic interest groups in the United States, the contradictions within the countries of the Middle East region, the changes of regional structure and the level of international strategic pattern.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2;D815.4
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 李颖;基于现实主义权力政治观论奥巴马政府的外交战略[D];燕山大学;2012年
，本文编号：2257007
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