核试验以来美国对印政策探析

发布时间：2018-11-28 07:13

【摘要】：在历史上，印度对美国而言仅仅是一个地理上的概念。它深陷于种姓冲突、民族纠纷、社会极度贫困的泥潭无法自拔。在大多数美国人心中，印度好像只是其需要援助的对象，，而不是美国心目中有分量的朋友或对手。这让印度一直忿忿不平，它迫切需要证明自己的实力。1998年的印度核试验震惊了美国，一个长期被其忽视的国家却破坏了其长期致力的全球核不扩散战略。美国对印政策被迫进行了深入反思，其对印政策随之也发生了显著地调整。本文旨在通过分析印度核试验以后美国各届政府的对印政策变化与调整的过程，总结出美国对印政策制定的主要影响因素以及美印关系的变化对中国的影响。文章首先回顾了美国从克林顿政府到小布什政府再到奥巴马政府印政策的内容及其调整过程；接着分析以及概括影响核试验以后美国对印政策制定的主要因素，这主要体现在以下三个方面：对印度国家实力的定位、亚太均势考量以及巴基斯坦因素；文章最后分析了美国对印政策调整对中国的影响，这主要是从积极和消极两个方面进行论述的，并对未来积极和消极因素哪种会占主流进行了预测。美印关系总体上还是呈现出积极、向上的良好发展势头。出于全球战略、亚太均势和意识形态的考量，美国对印政策的调整必然会对中国产生积极和消极的双重影响。中国应该审慎对待不断升温的美印关系，采取相应措施、制定相应政策稳妥处理好中美印三国关系。
[Abstract]:Historically, India was only a geographical concept for the United States. It is mired in caste conflicts, ethnic disputes and extreme social poverty. To most Americans, India seems to be the only one it needs, not its significant friends or adversaries. India, which has long been resentful, urgently needs to prove itself. India's nuclear test in 1998 shocked the United States, while a long-neglected country undermined its long-sought global nuclear non-proliferation strategy. The United States was forced to reflect on the Indian policy, and its Indian policy changed significantly. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the main influencing factors of American policy to India and the influence of the change of U.S.-India relationship on China by analyzing the changes and adjustments of American governments' policies towards India after the Indian nuclear test. The article first reviews the content and the adjustment process of the Indian policy of the United States from the Clinton administration to the Bush administration and then to the Obama administration. Then it analyzes and generalizes the main factors that affect the policy of the United States towards India after the nuclear test, which is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: the positioning of India's national strength, the balance of power in Asia and the Pacific, and the factors of Pakistan; In the end, the paper analyzes the influence of the adjustment of American policy on India on China, which is mainly discussed from two aspects: positive and negative, and forecasts which kind of positive and negative factors will be the mainstream in the future. On the whole, US-India relations still show a positive, upward momentum of good development. Due to the global strategy, the balance of power and ideology in the Asia-Pacific region, the adjustment of American policy toward India will inevitably have a positive and negative impact on China. China should treat the warming relations with India prudently, take corresponding measures and formulate corresponding policies to handle the relations between China and India steadily.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

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