印度尼西亚与马来西亚的对抗（1963-1965年）

发布时间：2018-01-21 23:18

本文关键词： 印度尼西亚马来西亚英国美国对抗　出处：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：第二次世界大战结束后,马来亚和印度尼西亚都通过与殖民宗主国进行斗争,获得了民族独立,但西方国家在这一地区的殖民统治并没有完全结束。英国在战后的经济每况愈下,不得不结束其在东南亚的殖民统治,但是为了保留英国在这一地区的势力,他紧紧抓住马来亚这根救命稻草,出台了“马来西亚计划”,被印尼视为是包围印尼的新殖民主义计划,所以印尼出台了“粉碎马来西亚”的政策,成为20世纪60年代重要的国际事件。本文研究了有着血缘关系的印度尼西亚与马来西亚走向对抗的背景,从各个角度分析了印度尼西亚与马来西亚对抗的过程,并探讨了对抗及对抗的结束对印度尼西亚与马来西亚双方、东南亚地区、甚至世界所产生的影响。第一部分从东南亚地区的冷战格局,马来亚与英国的关系及印尼当时的国内国外状况三个方面研究了印度尼西亚与马来西亚对抗的背景。马来亚等东南亚国家和地区渴望获得民族独立,英国在二战后也没有足够的经费来经营其殖民统治,在冒险主义苏加诺的领导下印尼经济落后,这一切在冷战的氛围中,很容易引起摩擦。第二部分从舆论方面、外交方面、经济方面、军事方面分析了印马对抗的全过程。印尼与马来西亚的对抗最初集中在舆论方面和小规模的军事入侵。马来西亚联邦成立之后,印尼果断地与马来西亚断绝了经济贸易和外交。英国、美国为督促印度尼西亚停止对抗而对印尼施加了各种压力。第三部分是关于对抗及对抗的结束对各方的影响。对抗结束之后,印尼国内局势严重恶化,原来与中国关系友好的印尼,因为一些误会而与中国关系破裂,苏哈托掌权之后,印尼转而与英美的关系有了改善,接受美援。对抗的结束为东南亚地区的和平、稳定和发展奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:After the end of the second World War, Malaya and Indonesia gained their national independence through the struggle against the colonial power. But the colonial rule of the Western countries in this region has not completely ended. Britain's post-war economic deterioration, had to end its colonial rule in Southeast Asia, but in order to retain British power in the region. He clung to Malaya as a life-saving straw and launched the "Malaysia Plan", which was regarded by Indonesia as a neo-colonial plan to encircle Indonesia, so Indonesia introduced the policy of "smashing Malaysia." Became an important international event in 1960s. This paper studies the background of Indonesia and Malaysia to confrontation, and analyzes the process of Indonesia and Malaysia confrontation from various angles. It also discusses the impact of confrontation and the end of confrontation on both sides of Indonesia and Malaysia, Southeast Asia and even the world. The first part is from the Cold War pattern in Southeast Asia. The relationship between Malaya and Britain and the domestic and foreign situation of Indonesia at that time have studied the background of the confrontation between Indonesia and Malaysia. Malaya and other Southeast Asian countries and regions yearn for national independence. Britain did not have enough money to run its colonial rule after World War II, and Indonesia's economic backwardness under the adventurism of Sukarno was likely to cause friction in the cold war atmosphere. The second part is from the public opinion aspect, the diplomacy aspect, the economic aspect. The military aspect analyzed the whole process of the India-Malaysia confrontation. The confrontation between Indonesia and Malaysia was initially focused on public opinion and small-scale military invasion. After the establishment of the Malaysian Federation. Indonesia has decisively cut off economic trade and diplomacy with Malaysia. Britain and the United States have put all sorts of pressure on Indonesia to stop fighting. The third part deals with the impact of confrontation and the end of confrontation on all parties. After the confrontation ended, the domestic situation in Indonesia deteriorated seriously. Indonesia, which originally had friendly relations with China, broke up with China because of some misunderstanding. After Suharto came to power, Indonesia's relations with Britain and the United States improved. The end of confrontation laid the foundation for peace, stability and development in Southeast Asia.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K3

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