美国女性与1893年芝加哥世界博览会

发布时间：2018-01-22 05:23

本文关键词： 社会背景妇女管理委员会妇女解放妇女馆进步世界博览会　出处：《华东师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 为了展示哥伦布发现新大陆以来特别是工业化时期取得的成就,美国于1893年在芝加哥举办了哥伦布世界博览会。面对妇女在政治、法律、经济、教育、宗教等领域取得的进步,国会授权国家委员会成立了妇女管理委员会,具体负责妇女参加博览会事宜。妇女管理委员会为了更好地展示女性在各个领域取得的成就,在许多国家和美国的各州成立了妇女管理委员会分会,收集了大量的女性作品,设立了妇女馆等建筑物。通过展品和召开妇女代表大会的方式向观众展示自己。她们的活动反映了世纪之交美国妇女解放运动的目标、方式和面临的问题,也是19世纪末美国社会的一个侧面。因此,对女性在1893年芝加哥世界博览会上的活动进行研究是观察世博会的一个视角,也是对这段美国历史的一种探索,更是研究美国妇女解放运动的重要组成部分。本文以美国女性在1893年芝加哥世界博览会上的活动为研究对象,在整理和分析大量第一手史料以及前人的研究基础上,对其产生的社会背景、过程、意义及其对美国妇女解放运动和美国社会的影响进行研究。本论文共分四章,另加绪论。绪论首先叙述了本论文的研究意义,然后回顾了国内外的研究情况,指出了这些研究已解决的和尚未解决的问题,并对本文的基本思路和结构框架作了较为详尽的说明。第一章分析妇女馆设立的社会背景。它的设立是美国经济发展、社会改革运动和妇女解放运动综合作用的结果。首先,举办世界博览会需要女性财政上的支持;其次,妇女已具备了一定的组织能力和筹集社会资金的经验,特别是地位日益提高的中产阶级女性,她们想通过建立妇女馆来收集、展示女性成就。第二章考察妇女馆的设立和使用。本章主要研究一些女设计师、女画家、女雕刻家等对妇女馆的贡献以及在妇女管理委员会的倡导和管理下儿童馆和单身女性宿舍的建造和妇女馆内展室的分布和展品的展示。特别是在此召开的世界妇女代表大会,它使不同国家、不同种族、不同阶层的妇女发出了自己的声音,内容涉及到妇女与政治、家庭、教育、慈善事业、社会道德、妇女自身解放等问题,这是妇女馆设立的重要意义之所在,也是本文论述的重点。第三章探讨妇女馆外的妇女。部分女性认为女性应该与男性在各个领域平等竞争,没必要设独立的妇女展馆;妇女除自己召开代表大会外,还参加了世界宗教大会等其它会议,阐述女性的主张、扩大自己的影响;如果说男性歧视女性的话,那么黑人女性则受到双重歧视,但她们不放弃任何展示自己、为黑人姐妹争取利益的机会,她们通过散发小册子、在大会和公共场合的演讲来表达自己的不满和愿望,为博览会和妇女解放增添了新的内容。第四章研究妇女馆的意义。妇女馆展示了妇女在许多领域内取得的成就,树立了许多妇女典型,既是对400年来特别是19世纪最后50年妇女成就的一次总结,也是未来妇女解放运动的一个起点,既增强了妇女的自信又扩大了社会影响,就像妇女管理委员会主席伯莎·霍诺尔·帕尔默所说,15世纪末哥伦布发现了美洲新大陆,而比这意义更大的是,政府在19世纪末发现了美国女性。
[Abstract]:In order to show Columbo since the discovery of the new continent especially during the period of industrialization achievements in the United States in 1893 in Chicago held the Columbo World Expo. In the face of women in politics, law, economy, education, religion has made progress in the fields, Congress authorized the National Committee established the women's Management Committee, responsible for women to participate in the Expo.
Women's Management Committee in order to better show women's achievements in various fields, in many countries and the United States established the women's branch management committee, a large collection of women's work, set up the woman "s building. Through the exhibits and held a meeting of the representatives of women to show their way to the audience. Their activities reflect the century the American women's liberation movement, and the problems faced, but also the end of the nineteenth Century American Society of one side. Therefore, the women in the 1893 Chicago World Expo is a research activity on the perspective of World Expo, but also an exploration of the history of the United States, is an important part of the research American women's liberation movement.
In this paper, American women in the 1893 World's fair in Chicago as the research object, in the collation and analysis of a large number of first-hand data and previous research on the basis of the background, process, research significance and influence of liberation movement and the American Society of American women.
This paper is divided into four chapters, plus an introduction.
The introduction first describes the research significance of this paper, then reviews the research situation at home and abroad, points out the unsolved problems that have been solved by these studies, and illustrates the basic ideas and structural framework of this paper in detail.
The first chapter social background analysis of women's Museum. It is the establishment of American economic development, the comprehensive effect of the social reform movement and women's liberation movement results. First of all, to host the World Expo women need financial support; secondly, women has a certain organization ability and social capital raising experience, especially increasing the status of the women of the middle class, they want to collect through the establishment of the center for women, show women's achievements.
The second chapter reviews the establishment and use of the women's hall. This chapter mainly studies some female designer, painter, distribution and exhibits construction and Museum galleries such as women's female sculptor contribution to women's Museum as well as in advocating and management of the management committee under the children's Museum of women and women dormitory show. Especially in the meeting of the world women's Congress, it makes different countries, different races, different classes of women issued their own voice, involving women and politics, family, education, charity, social morality, women's Liberation and other issues, this is where the significance of the establishment of the center for women, is the focus of this paper.
The third chapter discusses the women outside the Museum of women. Some women think that women should be equal competition with men in all fields, not necessary to set the independent women's hall; in addition to their own women's Congress, also participated in the World Congress of religions and others, expounds the female advocate, to expand their influence; if men of discrimination against women if so, black women are double discrimination, but they do not give up any show themselves, to fight for the interests of the black sisters by chance, they release pamphlets in the general assembly and the public speech to express their dissatisfaction and desire, adds new contents for the liberation of women and the Expo.
The fourth chapter studies the significance of women. Women's Hall shows women achieved successes in many fields, set up many typical women, both for the 400 years is a summary of nineteenth Century the last 50 years the achievements of women, a starting point is the future of the women's liberation movement, as well as enhancing women's confidence and expand the social influence, as president of the women's Management Committee Bertha Honore Palmer said at the end of fifteenth Century, Columbo discovered the new continent of America, and the significance is greater than this, the government found that women at the end of nineteenth Century.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K712.44

【引证文献】