恩维尔与苏俄政府关系研究（1919-1922）

发布时间：2018-01-23 18:27

本文关键词： 恩维尔苏俄黑海事件巴斯马奇运动　出处：《山西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：十月革命后，苏俄政府在推行“世界革命”以及保卫苏俄领土南翼安全的过程中，在土耳其共有三个可以利用的选项，一是由苏俄扶植建立的以穆斯塔法·苏卜希为首的土耳其共产党，二是凯末尔领导的安卡拉国民政府，三是以恩维尔为首的流亡海外的青年土耳其党前奥斯曼帝国政府高官。随着黑海事件的发生，土耳其共产党遭受重创，苏俄出于实用主义考虑将此选项放弃，转而极力发展与凯末尔政府的关系。与此同时，由于希土战争局势的不明朗，苏俄并没有完全抛弃恩维尔，而是将其作为凯末尔政府的备用选项。随着凯末尔取得萨卡尼亚大捷，凯末尔政府在安纳托利亚站稳了脚跟，再次出于实用主义考虑，苏俄终于在安纳托利亚问题上全面支持凯末尔政府，从而导致了恩维尔最终与苏俄政府决裂，由一开始亲密的盟友变成了中亚“巴斯马奇”运动的总司令。国内对于苏俄与凯末尔政府关系的研究较为详实，而对同一时期以恩维尔为首的流亡海外的青年土耳其党成员与苏俄的关系则较少关注，因此，本文以此作为论题，较深入地梳理两者之间的关系。本文分为绪论、正文、结语三个部分。绪论主要说明选题的目的和意义并简要介绍国外学术界有关研究动态以及恩维尔的生平。正文分成四个部分。第一部分从恩维尔和苏俄两方面分析了恩维尔与苏俄开展关系的背景和原因。第二部分则介绍恩维尔三次前往莫斯科的过程，恩维尔与苏俄一经接触就很快进入了蜜月期，重点介绍了恩维尔出席巴库会议及其在会议上的成功。第三部分则介绍恩维尔建立伊斯兰革命协会联盟，，黑海事件的发生为恩维尔与苏俄关系蒙上了阴影，以及凯末尔取得萨卡尼亚大捷让恩维尔彻底丧失了苏俄在安纳托利亚对他的支持。第四部分则从恩维尔加入“巴斯马奇”运动的原因、过程和影响三方面，论述恩维尔与苏俄关系破裂后加入中亚“巴斯马奇”运动的过程和结果。结语则对本文作了综合性小结。
[Abstract]:After the October Revolution, the Soviet government had three options in Turkey in the process of promoting the "World Revolution" and safeguarding the southern wing of Soviet territory. One was the Turkish Communist Party, led by Mustafa Subhi, and the other was the Ankara National Government, led by Kemal. The third is a former senior official of the Ottoman government of the Al-Shabaab, led by Enver. With the Black Sea incident, the Turkish Communist Party suffered a heavy blow, and Soviet Russia gave up this option out of pragmatism. Meanwhile, Russia did not abandon Enver completely because of the uncertainty of the war between Greece and Turkey. Instead, it was used as an alternative to Kemal's government, which, with Kemal's victory in Sacania, established itself in Anatolia, again out of pragmatism. Russia finally fully supported the Kemal government on the Anatolia issue, which led Enver to break with the Soviet government. From a close ally in the beginning, he became the commander in chief of the Basmatch movement in Central Asia. The domestic research on the relationship between Russia and Kemal government is more detailed. However, less attention is paid to the relationship between the members of the Youth Turkish Party and Soviet Russia headed by Enver in exile in the same period. Therefore, this paper takes it as a topic to sort out the relationship between the two in a more thorough way. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction mainly explains the purpose and significance of the topic and briefly introduces the research trends of foreign academic circles and Enver's life. The text is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the background and reasons of Enver's relations with Russia from Enver and Soviet Russia. The second part introduces Enver's three trips to Moscow. Enver and Russia immediately entered the honeymoon period, focusing on Enver's attendance at the Baku conference and its success in the meeting. The third part described Enver's establishment of the Alliance of Islamic Revolutionary Associations. The Black Sea incident has cast a shadow over relations between Enver and Russia. And Kemal's great victory in Sacania made Enver completely lose the Soviet Russia's support for him in Anatolia. In part 4th, the reason, process and influence of joining the "Busmarch" movement from Enver were discussed. This paper discusses the process and result of Enver's joining the Basmatch movement in Central Asia after the breakup of relations between Russia and Russia. The conclusion makes a comprehensive summary of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K512

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