美国对日结盟战略研究（1945-1951）

发布时间：2018-02-28 23:05

本文关键词： 美国日本地缘政治结盟战略美日同盟　出处：《西北师范大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 1945年,日本在第二次世界大战中投降,美军独占了日本本土,美日关系进入了一个新时代。日本优越的地缘战略位置和雄厚的实力基础引起了美国的足够重视。战争结束前后,美国以遏制日本军国主义复活为目标,采取了肢解日本帝国、惩办战犯、推行民主改造等积极措施。但伴随着冷战格局的形成和亚太形势的变化,美国转以遏制共产主义势力为主要目标,改削弱日本为复兴日本,对日奉行结盟战略,将日本拉入西方冷战阵营,成为美国在亚太地区的反共堡垒。美国的对日结盟战略深远地影响了战后国际关系格局,是国际关系史研究的重要课题。本文依据地缘政治学理论,从“战略研究”的视角,对战后初期的美国对日结盟战略作了较为详细的探析。全文分四部分,各部分内容大致如下: 第一部分简要回顾了战前的美日关系史。指出美日两国都为海权大国,存在着争夺东亚和太平洋霸权的结构性战略矛盾。日本优越的地缘战略位置是其天然的战略资源,为美国所重视。美国在反法西斯的旗帜下,击败了日本,独占了日本本土、肢解了日本帝国、惩办日本战犯、在日推行民主改造,这些行动有利于肃清日本军国主义势力,也为美国夺取太平洋霸权奠定了基础。第二部分从宏观战略取向着眼,指出伴随着冷战格局的形成和亚太国际形势的巨变,美国对日政策转惩罚为扶植,决心将日本作为亚太地区的反共堡垒。日本方面采取了亲美一边倒的政策,为美国的结盟战略提供了便利。第三部分从微观核心问题入手,探讨了美国对日结盟战略的关键部分——日本领土上的武装力量问题。美方力争媾和后美国在日的驻军权,并要求日本实现重新武装以分担美军的防卫负担。日方基本满足了美方的要求,从而最终为美日结盟铺平了道路。第四部分叙述了美国一手操办的旧金山对日和会和美日订立盟约的史实。从地缘政治学的角度透视了美日结盟的全过程。
[Abstract]:In 1945, when Japan surrendered in the second World War, the US military monopolized the Japanese mainland, and US-Japan relations entered a new era. Japan's superior geo-strategic position and strong power base attracted sufficient attention from the United States. Before and after the end of the war, With the goal of containing the resurgence of Japanese militarism, the United States has taken positive measures such as dismembering the Japanese empire, punishing war criminals, and promoting democratic transformation. However, with the formation of the cold war pattern and the changes in the Asia-Pacific situation, The main goal of the United States is to contain communist forces, to weaken Japan to revive Japan, to pursue a strategy of alliance with Japan, and to draw Japan into the Western Cold War camp. The United States' strategy of alliance with Japan has profoundly affected the pattern of postwar international relations and is an important subject in the study of the history of international relations. This paper, based on the theory of geopolitics and from the perspective of "strategic research", has become the anti-Communist bastion of the United States in the Asia-Pacific region. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the alliance strategy between the United States and Japan in the early postwar period. The full text is divided into four parts, and the contents of each part are as follows:. The first part briefly reviews the history of US-Japan relations before the war. It is pointed out that both the United States and Japan are major maritime powers, and there are structural strategic contradictions for hegemony in East Asia and the Pacific. Japan's superior geo-strategic position is its natural strategic resource. The United States attaches great importance to it. Under the banner of anti-fascism, the United States defeated Japan, monopolized the Japanese mainland, dismembered the Japanese Empire, punished Japanese war criminals, and carried out democratic reforms in Japan. These actions are conducive to the elimination of Japanese militarist forces. It also laid the foundation for the US to seize Pacific hegemony. The second part points out that with the formation of the Cold War pattern and the great changes in the Asia-Pacific international situation, the policy of the United States toward Japan has shifted to punishment. Determined to see Japan as an anti-Communist bastion in the Asia-Pacific region, Japan has adopted a one-sided, pro-American policy that has facilitated the United States' alliance strategy. The third part, starting with the micro core issues, discusses the issue of the armed forces in Japanese territory, a key part of the United States' alliance strategy with Japan. The United States strives to make peace with the United States' right of garrison in Japan after making peace. And demanded that Japan rearm to share the defense burden of the US military. Japan basically satisfied the demands of the US side, which eventually paved the way for an alliance between the United States and Japan. The 4th part narrates the historical facts of the San Francisco Peace Conference and the alliance between the United States and Japan, which is run by the United States, and looks into the whole process of the alliance between the United States and Japan from the perspective of geopolitics.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712.5

【参考文献】