试论古埃及新王国时期对外政策的演变

发布时间：2018-03-02 18:53

本文选题：埃及　切入点：新王国　出处：《山西大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 对于古埃及新王国的研究，历来是埃及学领域的重要问题之一。在近十余年来的埃及学领域，新王国的对外政策成为热点问题，并取得了丰硕的研究成果，但就笔者所见，大多侧重于某一特定时期的研究，缺少对其进行整体、宏观性研究。本文在借鉴这些研究成果的基础上，将研究背景置于古埃及新王国近500年的历史下，较为系统地分析了不同时期埃及对外政策的成因、效果、影响，并且着重评析了对外政策演变的历史背景和对外政策本身的成败得失。本文的研究目标和拟解决的关键问题是揭示新王国时期对外政策的演变。论文分为引言、正文、结语和参考文献四个部分。正文包括五个部分，是按照新王国对外政策不同特点进行划分的。第一部分，埃及第18王朝的缔造者和继任者们在“武力至上”对外政策的指引下，扩土开疆，创建帝国。第二部分，埃及帝国进入了阿玛尔纳时代，其主要特征是与巴比伦、米坦尼、赫梯等大国的“和平外交”，论文着重分析了埃及对待米坦尼问题上的政策失误，导致埃及在叙利亚、巴勒斯坦领地的丧失，及其这一结果对于近东格局的深远影响。第三部分，埃及第19王朝的法老们为了重现帝国昔日辉煌做着不懈的努力，特别是拉美西斯二世，与赫梯逐鹿于叙、巴地区，但终因实力下降，无奈选择“弱战强和”的对外政策。第四部分，埃及国力渐微，同时又面临利比亚和“海上民族”对埃及本土的联合进攻，，拉美西斯三世选择“被迫防御”的对外政策，成功地保全了埃及国家。第五部分，埃及国家已经江河日下，大国地位更是一去不返，曾经的盟友、属国给予埃及赤裸裸的蔑视，最终新王国在内忧外患中走向了灭亡。文章认为，对外政策深刻地影响着新王国的发展，凭借着成功的对外政策，在新王国，埃及经济繁荣、社会稳定，不仅青铜时代发展顺利，奴隶制发展也日趋成熟。可以说，对外政策对新王国的兴衰起到至关重要的作用。
[Abstract]:The study of the new kingdom of ancient Egypt has always been one of the important problems in the field of Egyptian studies. In the field of Egyptian studies in the past decade, the foreign policy of the new kingdom has become a hot issue, and has made fruitful research results, but as far as I can see, Most of the studies focus on a certain period of time, but lack of overall and macroscopic research. Based on the results of these studies, this paper puts the research background under the history of the new kingdom of ancient Egypt for nearly 500 years. This paper systematically analyzes the causes, effects and influences of Egypt's foreign policy in different periods, and emphatically analyzes the historical background of the evolution of foreign policy and the success or failure of foreign policy itself. The research goal of this paper and the key problems to be solved is to reveal the evolution of foreign policy in the New Kingdom period. The paper is divided into four parts: introduction, text, conclusion and reference. It is divided according to the different characteristics of the foreign policy of the New Kingdom. The first part, the founders and successors of the 18th Dynasty of Egypt, under the guidance of the foreign policy of "the supremacy of force", expands the land and opens the border and creates an empire. The Egyptian Empire entered into the Amalna era, and its main characteristics were "peaceful diplomacy" with the great powers such as Babylon, Mitani and Hetty. The paper focused on the analysis of Egypt's policy mistakes in dealing with the issue of Mitani, which led to Egypt's "peace diplomacy" in Syria. The loss of Palestinian territory, and the profound impact of this result on the near East. Part three, Egypt's 19th Dynasty pharaohs, made unremitting efforts to recreate the glory of the empire, especially Ramses II, They fought with Hittites in Syria and Pakistan, but because of their declining strength, they had no choice but to choose the foreign policy of "weak war and strong harmony." in part, Egypt's national strength was gradually declining, and at the same time it was facing a joint Libyan and "maritime nation" attack on Egypt's native land. Ramses III's foreign policy of "forced defense" succeeded in preserving the Egyptian state. Part 5th, the Egyptian state has been steadily declining, and the status of a great power has never returned. Egypt's former ally, the subordinate state, has given Egypt naked contempt. In the end, the new kingdom went to the end in the midst of internal and external troubles. The article holds that foreign policy has a profound impact on the development of the new kingdom. With its successful foreign policy, Egypt enjoys economic prosperity and social stability in the new kingdom. Not only did the Bronze Age develop smoothly, but also slavery matured. Foreign policy played a vital role in the rise and fall of the New Kingdom.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K411.2

【参考文献】