20世纪20年代美国道德转型研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 22:34

本文选题：美国　切入点：道德　出处：《江西师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：道德转型是生活在经济转型时期的人们普遍关注的一个问题。马克思在《〈政治经济学批判〉序言》中指出:物质生活的生产方式制约着整个社会生活、政治生活和精神生活的过程。1美国在“柯立芝繁荣”时期的经济腾飞,促进的不仅是社会经济结构和经济形式,同时也是社会文化的全面转型。作为文化的重要组成部分的道德,在这场转型中表现出对传统道德规范深层次、全方位、综合性的挑战和反思,对美国社会的影响深远,直接促使了美国现代生活方式的形成。从历史角度研究美国道德转型,对于探讨认识同样处于道德转型期的中国,具有一定的学术和现实意义。本文共分为三个部分。第一部分,美国道德转型的历史背景。二十世纪二十年代的美国伴随着科学技术和生产力的快速发展,社会物质财富急剧增加,生活水平不断提高,形成了长达七年之久的“柯立芝繁荣”。在这种剧烈的社会变化的冲击下,原有的道德规范被迅速瓦解,人们的内在精神状态无形中开始失衡,甚至处于混乱之中。至此,道德规范开始一场深刻的转型,美国进入了对日后影响深远的道德转型时期。第二部分,美国进入消费社会后的种种表现。处于道德转型期的二十年代,美国呈现出与以往传统的道德规范格格不入的种种景象:首先,美国民众的消费价值观发生了巨大的转变,对商品无止境的追求,使消费主义道德观和享乐主义生活方式成为社会的主流。第二,是妇女的地位的变化,获得了选举权的妇女走出家门,拥有了独立的经济地位,并在生活方式方面发生革命性变化。最后,汽车的普及带来的出行便利、舞厅跳舞兴起的新形式、维也纳精神分析学家西格蒙德·弗罗伊德学说的推波助澜和日益兴盛的好酒之风增加了大大削弱男女之间的禁忌。第三部分,美国社会道德转型的影响。二十年代的美国社会道德转型提高了妇女的地位、促进了妇女的解放。但另一方面,在抛弃旧日道德准则同时,新的准则却还未建立,它的拜金主义和纵欲主义为大萧条的出现埋下了祸根,繁荣背后潜藏了种种的问题。
[Abstract]:Moral transformation is a common concern of people living in the period of economic transformation. Marx pointed out in the preface of the critique of political economy that the mode of production of material life restricts the whole social life. The process of political and spiritual life.1 the economic growth of the United States during the "Coolidge boom" contributed not only to the socio-economic structure and economic forms, At the same time, it is also a comprehensive transformation of social culture. In this transformation, morality, as an important part of culture, has shown profound challenges and reflections on traditional moral norms, which have a profound impact on American society. It is of academic and practical significance to study the transformation of American morality from the historical point of view, which is also in the period of moral transformation. This paper is divided into three parts. In 1920s, with the rapid development of science and technology and productivity, the social material wealth increased dramatically, and the living standard was constantly improved. After seven years of "Coolidge prosperity," under the impact of this drastic social change, the original moral code was rapidly disintegrated, and the inner mental state of the people became imperceptibly unbalanced, even in chaos. Ethics began a profound transformation, the United States entered a profound impact on the future period of moral transformation. The second part is about the performance of the United States after entering the consumer society. In 20s, in the period of moral transformation, the United States presents a variety of scenes that are incompatible with the traditional moral norms: first, Great changes have taken place in the American people's consumption values, and the endless pursuit of goods has made consumerism and hedonism the mainstream of society. Second, there has been a change in the status of women. Women who had the right to vote went out of the house, had an independent economic status, and revolutionized their way of life. Finally, the popularity of cars made it easier to travel, and new forms of ballroom dancing rose. The fuelling of Viennese psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud and the growing wind of good wine have greatly weakened taboos between men and women. The third part, the influence of American social moral transformation. In 20s, American social moral transformation improved the status of women and promoted the emancipation of women. But on the other hand, while abandoning the old moral norms, the new norms have not yet been established. Its money worship and laissez-faire laid the root of the Great Depression, and problems lurked behind prosperity.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K712

【引证文献】