英格兰人与诺曼人关系探析（1066-1189年）

发布时间：2018-03-04 01:35

本文选题：英格兰人　切入点：诺曼人　出处：《首都师范大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 1066年，诺曼底公爵威廉征服英格兰，揭开了英国历史的新篇章。与此相关的两个主要种族——英格兰人和诺曼人在此后一百二十多年的时间里，，即从威廉入主英格兰到亨利二世统治结束（1066－1189年）历经了一个从敌对、冲突到交流、融合的过程，他们由昔日的对手逐渐变成了一家人。有趣的是，作为征服者的诺曼人及其后裔融入英格兰社会之中，最后变成了英格兰人。本文重在论述在这百余年间英格兰人与诺曼人种族关系发生、发展的过程，分析二者关系演变的原因，并进一步探究诺曼人趋向于接纳英格兰人身份之因素。全文共分四章：第一章作为诺曼征服英格兰的背景，论述英格兰人与诺曼人的起源、他们各自在1066年前的历史及联系。英格兰人和诺曼人同属日耳曼人，然而他们在此后的民族迁徙中形成了两个不同的种族。由于利益和立场的分歧，他们起初的相遇似乎不太友好，随着形势的变化，双方的统治者进行联姻，预示着诺曼征服的到来。第二章论述1066－1100年间（威廉一世和其子威廉二世统治时期）英格兰人与诺曼人的关系。诺曼底公爵威廉征服英格兰拉近了这两个种族的关系，只不过这种关系是建立在血腥的战争的基础上，由于随之而来的一连串的战争和冲突，敌对在短期内主宰了二者的关系，而其根源在于战争引发的仇恨情绪、利益的争夺和文化背景的种种差异。第三章论述1100－1189年间（亨利一世、斯蒂芬及亨利二世统治时期）英格兰人和诺曼人的关系。尽管因为各种原因导致了两个种族关系紧张，然而他们很快捐弃前嫌，随着交流的日益增多，两个种族在各个阶层、各个场所与场合通过通婚、结成领主关系或同事关系等途径，逐渐走到一起，融为一体，这其中的深层原因有很多，既包括精神方面的原因，又包括物质方面的因素。第四章论述英格兰人和诺曼人交融的结果，即诺曼人变成了英格兰人。“征服者”威廉和他的儿孙们继承了盎格鲁－撒克逊时代的一整套体制；英格兰的文化得以幸存；英格兰的美好文学形象和它的富庶使在这里定居的诺曼人对英格兰日久生情，尤其是在这里出生的诺曼人后裔及混血儿更是对英格兰产生了深深的依恋；英格兰之外的人往往把英格兰的诺曼人和其他外来者也当作英格兰人。总之，种种因素的合力使得诺曼人接受了英格兰人的身份。
[Abstract]:In 1066, William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England, opening a new chapter in British history. The two main races associated with it, the English and the Normans, spent more than 120 years thereafter. From William's reign in England to the end of Henry II's reign in 1066-1189) went through a process of hostility, conflict, communication, integration, and they gradually turned from former adversaries into a family. Interestingly, The Norman people as conquerors and their descendants merged into the English society and finally became English. This paper focuses on the process of the development and development of the racial relationship between the English and the Normans during these more than 100 years. This paper analyzes the reasons for the evolution of the relationship and further explores the factors that the Normans tend to accept the English identity. The full text is divided into four chapters:. The first chapter, as the background of Norman conquest of England, discusses the origin of the English and the Normans, their history and connection before 1066. The English and the Normans are both Germanic. However, they formed two different races in the subsequent ethnic migration. Due to differences of interests and positions, their initial encounter seemed not to be very friendly, and as the situation changed, the rulers of both sides joined together. Heralded the arrival of the Norman conquest. Chapter two deals with the relationship between the English and the Normans during the period of 1066-1100 (the reign of William I and his son William II). William the Duke of Normandy conquered England and brought these two races closer together. It is only that this relationship is based on a bloody war, and because of the series of wars and conflicts that ensue, hostility dominates the relationship in the short term, and its roots lie in the animosity of the war. Competition for interests and differences in cultural backgrounds. The third chapter deals with the relationship between the English and the Normans during the period of 1100-1189 (the reign of Henry I, Stephen and Henry II). With the increasing number of exchanges, the two races have gradually come together in all walks of life, in various places and places, through intermarriage, in the form of a lord relationship or in a co-worker relationship. There are many deep reasons for this. It includes both mental and material factors. Chapter 4th discusses the result of the communion between the English and the Normans, that is, the Normans became English. William the Conqueror and his grandchildren inherited a whole set of Anglo-Saxon institutions; the culture of England survived; The beautiful literary image of England and its affluence make the Normans who settled here have a lasting affection for England, especially the descendants and hybrids of the Normans who were born here have a deep attachment to England. People outside England tend to regard the Normans and other foreigners as English. In short, the combination of factors made the Normans accept the status of English.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K561.3

【共引文献】