14-19世纪波罗的海谷物贸易研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 15:11

  本文选题：波罗的海　切入点：谷物贸易　出处：《天津师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中世纪至近代早期,北海-波罗的海贸易区是当时欧洲的重要国际贸易中心,其区域历史为不少历史学家所关注。而作为此贸易区很关键的谷物贸易则成为了中世纪至近代早期欧洲最重要的经济活动之一。本文旨在考查14-19世纪波罗的海谷物贸易发展的大体脉络,揭示北海-波罗的海贸易区是如何发展起来的,以及在这六个世纪里这一区域的谷物贸易从发展繁荣到相对衰落又起伏发展的整个变化历程,以及波罗的海谷物贸易的发展对当时欧洲社会经济所产生的影响。通过对波罗的海谷物贸易的研究,还可以使我们从一个区域贸易的视角,来透视欧洲经济发展的全局和趋势。 全文除“前言”和“结语”外,正文共分三章。 第一章论述波罗的海谷物贸易的形成与发展。首先从波罗的海的自然地理环境和北欧商人的早期贸易开拓两方面来探讨北海-波罗的海贸易圈是如何发展起来的。接着从五个特殊的历史时期分析了波罗的海谷物贸易的发展过程。从一个宏观的历史视野把握了14-19世纪波罗的海谷物贸易的阶段性发展脉络,从而使我们对波罗的海谷物贸易情况有一个基本了解。 第二章主要考察波罗的海谷物贸易两端的社会经济变化。这两端分别是东面供应谷物的波罗的海沿岸各地和西面销售谷物的贸易中心即荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。这一贸易两端的社会经济变化,直接构成了波罗的海谷物贸易发展的背景,无疑制约着这一贸易的演变态势；反过来,谷物贸易的演变,也对两端的社会经济起着一定的影响。 第三章主要论述14-19世纪波罗的海谷物贸易对整个西欧历史的影响。首先,波罗的海贸易对荷兰产生的巨大经济影响是里程碑式的,谷物贸易被认为是荷兰近代早期的经济支柱。此外,正是由于波罗的海谷物贸易的兴盛,使得像意大利和安特卫普这些大城市的粮食供给得到了保障。通过分析这几个典型国家的经济变化来窥探整个欧洲社会经济的变化。
[Abstract]:From the Middle Ages to the early modern times, the Bei-Baltic Sea Trade area was an important international trade center in Europe at that time. Its regional history has attracted the attention of many historians, and the grain trade, which is a key part of the trade zone, has become one of the most important economic activities in Europe from the Middle Ages to the early modern times. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Baltic Valley in the 14-19 century. The general context of the development of trade in things, Revealing how the Bei-Baltic Sea Trade area developed, and the whole evolution of the region's grain trade from prosperity to relative decline and ups and downs over the past six centuries, Through the study of Baltic grain trade, we can also see the overall situation and trend of European economic development from the perspective of a regional trade. In addition to the preface and the conclusion, the text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter discusses the formation and development of the grain trade in the Baltic Sea. Firstly, from the natural geographical environment of the Baltic Sea and the early trade development of the northern European merchants, this paper discusses how the Bei-Baltic Sea trade circle develops. Then it analyzes the development process of the Baltic grain trade from five special historical periods. From a macroscopic historical perspective, it grasps the stages of the development of the Baltic grain trade in the 14-19 century. So that we have a basic understanding of the Baltic grain trade. The second chapter focuses on the socio-economic changes at the two ends of the Baltic grain trade. The two ends are the eastern grain supply along the Baltic coast and the west side of the grain trade center, namely Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The social and economic changes at both ends of the trade, It directly constitutes the background of the development of grain trade in the Baltic Sea, which undoubtedly restricts the evolution of this trade. In turn, the evolution of grain trade also has a certain impact on the social economy at both ends. The third chapter mainly discusses the influence of the grain trade in the Baltic Sea on the whole history of Western Europe in the 14-19 century. Firstly, the enormous economic impact of the Baltic trade on the Netherlands is a milestone. The grain trade was regarded as the mainstay of the Dutch economy in the early modern times. In addition, it was precisely because of the prosperity of the Baltic grain trade, Food supplies in large cities such as Italy and Antwerp have been secured by analyzing the economic changes in these typical countries to explore the socio-economic changes in Europe as a whole.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F75;K107
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本文编号：1579810