论从“九一八”到珍珠港事件时期美国对日政策的演变

发布时间：2018-03-09 09:34

本文选题：“九一八”事变　切入点：珍珠港事件　出处：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从1931年日本发动侵略中国的“九一八”事变到1941年日本偷袭珍珠港太平洋战争的爆发,这十年间是美日在远东太平洋地区争夺最为激烈的时期。美国的“门户开放”政策和日本的“大陆政策”均是以中国为主要对象。另外,东南亚地区特别是越南、新加坡,荷属东印度群岛由于特殊的战略地位以及丰富的资源也成为日美在太平洋上博弈的主要战场。在此期间,随着日本的侵略步伐不断深入,美国对日政策也不断发生变化。从采取妥协、绥靖,到适度遏制、抗争,直至采取强硬制裁。这一时期美国的政策是以避免或推迟卷入对日战争,希图以最小的代价,实现维护美国在远东太平洋地区利益为目的。因此,在美国对日政策的演变过程中一直存在以牺牲中国利益而与日本达成妥协的可能性。然而由于美日双方矛盾的不可调和,以及日本在侵略道路上的不断深入,最终导致了太平洋战争的爆发。文章对美国对日政策的演变做一梳理与归纳,有助于我们了解当时美、中、日之间的关系制约,美日在远东的战略方针和各自扮演的角色。美日都是以其自身利益为最大出发点,而当时作为弱国的中国则可能被牺牲。有利于我们总结历史经验教训：一个国家在国际舞台上最主要需依靠自身实力,而不是寄希望于其他国家。也使我们认识到,作为当今世界上举足轻重的经济体与政治力量,美日关系仍然影响到亚太地区乃至整个世界区域国际关系的发展变化。对美日关系和美国对日政策演变历史的分析,以及美、中、日利益交叉点的认识,是我国在新形势下发展自强,实现民族复兴道路上不可忽视的因素。
[Abstract]:From the 1931 Japanese aggression Chinese "918" incident to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 the outbreak of the Pacific War, the ten years is the United States and Japan in the Far East Pacific region for the most intense period. The "open door policy" and Japan's "mainland policy" is to Chinese as the main object. In addition, especially in Southeast Asia is Vietnam, Singapore, the Dutch East Indies as a special strategic position and abundant resources has become the main battlefield of the game in the Pacific. During this period, with the pace of Japan's aggression is deepened constantly, the American policies toward Japan are constantly changing. Appeasement from compromise, and to moderate containment, struggle, until the tough the policy of the United States sanctions. This period is to avoid or delay in the war against Japan, hoping to minimize the cost, realize the maintenance in the Far East Pacific region of the United States Benefits for the purpose. Therefore, a possibility to reach a compromise with Japan at the expense of the interests of Chinese has existed in the evolution of American policy toward Japan. However, due to the irreconcilable contradiction between the United States and Japan, and the Japanese aggression in the road continues, eventually led to the outbreak of the Pacific War.
The evolution of American policy toward Japan to make a comb and induction, helps us understand that beauty,, relationship between China and Japan, the U.S. and Japan in the Far East strategy and their respective roles. Japan is in its own interests as the best starting point, and then as the weak China may be sacrificed. We can summarize the historical experiences and lessons: a country must mainly depend on its own strength in the international arena, rather than hoping to other countries. It makes us realize that, as the economy and political power plays an important role in the world today, the US Japan relations still affect the development and change of the Asia Pacific region and the world as a whole area of international relations the analysis of the evolution of the relations between the United States and Japan, and the United States policy toward Japan and the beauty, understanding on interests intersection, is the development of China's self-reliance in the new situation, to achieve national rejuvenation on a road A negligible factor.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K712.5

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