乌尔第三王朝舒勒吉王的贡牲中心总管育肥师那萨的档案重建（包括匿名文件）

发布时间：2018-03-13 02:01

本文选题：乌尔第三王朝　切入点：贡牲中心　出处：《东北师范大学》2011年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：位于现代伊拉克德莱海姆(Drehem)的乌尔第三王朝大型的贡牲中心是由乌尔第三王朝的第二位王舒勒吉在其统治的第39年建立的,名为普兹瑞什达干司(é-Puzrish-Dagan)。随着乌尔王权的日益强大,各地向国王进贡的动物日益增多,王室和各地总督经常向各种神明奉献牺牲,外交活动频繁,同时宫廷和其他王室官员以及士兵也需要食用大量牲畜,包括家畜和瞪羚崽。这些牲畜的接管和支出工作就需要一个专门的机构来管理。普兹瑞什达干的位置得天独厚,地处供奉“众神之王”恩利勒的尼普尔城和众神之后宁利勒的图马勒庙区之间,因此被选为中心的所在地。普兹瑞什达干司是古代两河流域影响深远的一个贡牲中心,在乌尔第三王朝的经济管理体系中占有十分重要的地位。本文重建了贡牲中心舒勒吉王的第一任总管育肥师那萨的档案。目前,我们共收集到1108件德莱海姆出土的关于总管那萨的文件。论文分为上下两卷:上卷为档案分析,共四章,论述和分析了那萨在贡牲中心任职期间的身份、工作职责、与中心内部官员的工作联系和他为王家和各类官员向尼普尔诸神支出祭祀牺牲以及为来访的外国使节提供使用牛羊牲;下卷为档案重建,收集并整理了目前已发表的总管那萨的原始文献,我们按照时间顺序进行排列和重建,并附有楔形文字拉丁化、英文和中文翻译。通过对那萨的档案重建和分析得出以下结论:早在贡牲中心建立之前的舒勒吉34年6月就发现了一件那萨的早期文件,他在贡牲中心的工作时间从舒勒吉39年4月至阿马尔辛1年8月13日,大约10年左右。在前期的接管送入牲(mu-túmì-dab5)和支出(zi-ga)文件中,那萨并不署名,从舒勒吉47年7月13日起,总管那萨开始在这两类文件的结尾署名。那萨自己的印章和他的儿子印章中都提到他在贡牲中心的头衔是“育肥师”。他的主要工作职责是接管各地个人官员送到尼普尔的牺牲并为他们献祭给尼普尔诸神和é-uzga御膳房,同时他还把一部分牛羊和野生动物(偶尔有禽)转交给贡牲中心内部他的下属官员管理。他经手的牲畜种类繁多,既有家养牲畜,也有各类野生动物。他还专门把属于国王送入项的动物分配给在中心各部门他的下级官员。那萨作为贡牲中心第一任总管官员,他经历了舒勒吉王在位最后十年中乌尔第三王朝的鼎盛时期,同时见证了贡牲中心从建立到繁荣的过程,为我们研究乌尔王朝行政、经济、宗教和外交活动提供了最原始、最直接的第一手材料,也使我们能够初步构建出乌尔第三王朝的基本行政体系。
[Abstract]:The large tribute center of the third Ur dynasty in Dreheme, Iraq, was established by the second king of the third Ur dynasty in his 39th year of rule, named 茅 -Puzrish-Daganan. With the growing power of Ur Wang Quan, The number of animals paid to the king was increasing, the royal family and governors often sacrificed to various gods, diplomatic activities were frequent, and the court and other royal officials and soldiers also needed to eat a large number of livestock. Including livestock and gazelle pups. Taking over and spending on these animals requires a special agency to manage them. Located between the city of Nippur, the king of the gods, and the Temple of Toumael, where the gods had been held, they were chosen as the site of the center. Pozrishdagans was the most influential tributary center of the ancient two river basins. It occupies a very important position in the economic management system of the third Dynasty of Ur. This paper reconstructs the archives of Nasa, the first master fattening teacher of the King Schulerjee Center. At present, we have collected a total of 1,108 documents unearthed by Dreyheim about Chief Supervisor Nasa. The paper is divided into two volumes: the top volume is the file analysis. In four chapters, the author discusses and analyzes the identity, duties and duties of Nasa during his tenure in the tribute Center. Working contacts with internal officials of the Center and his payment of sacrifices to the gods of Nipur for Wang Jia and various officials, as well as the use of cattle and sheep for visiting foreign envoys; the following volume is for the reconstruction of archives. We have collected and sorted out the original documents of Chief Supervisor Nasa, arranged and reconstructed in chronological order, accompanied by cuneiform Latinization, English and Chinese translation. Through the reconstruction and analysis of Nasa's archives, the following conclusions are drawn: Schulerjee discovered an early Nasa document in June, long before the establishment of the Gon Veterinary Center. His working hours at the tribute Center ranged from April to Amarsin in April to August 13th, one year or so, about 10 years. In the earlier take-over documents into the Shulghi mu-t 煤 m Rumay-dab5) and in the expenses of Zi-ga, Nassa did not sign his name, and from July 13th, Shulerjee began on July 13th. The chief executive, Nassa, began to sign at the end of these two types of documents. Both his own seal and his son's seal mentioned that his title at the tribute center was "fattening teacher." his main job was to take over personal officials from all over the country and send them to. Nipur's sacrifice and sacrifice to the nipple gods and to the Royal Cottage of 茅 -uzga, He also handed over some cattle, sheep and wild animals (occasionally birds) to his subordinates inside the animal center. He handled a wide variety of livestock, including domestic livestock. There were also various kinds of wild animals. He also assigned animals belonging to the king to his junior officers in the central departments. As the first chief officer of the tribute Center, Nassa went through the heyday of the third Ur dynasty in the last ten years of the reign of King Schulerjee, and witnessed the process from the founding to the prosperity of the tribute Center, and studied the administration of the Ur dynasty for us. Economic, religious, and diplomatic activities provide the most primitive, direct and firsthand information, and enable us to build up the basic administrative system of the third Ur dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K124

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