以色列哈瑞迪派研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 10:43

本文选题：哈瑞迪派　切入点：以色列　出处：《西北大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：哈瑞迪派(Haredim)是犹太教传统势力的典型代表。近年来,以色列哈瑞迪派人口迅速增长,影响力也大为提升。国外学者对于哈瑞迪派的研究已经较为详实,但是国内的相关研究仍然十分有限。本文力图清楚论述这一派别的发展轨迹,探索现代化背景下传统宗教势力与国家间的关系。文章分为导论、正文、结论三个部分。导论部分是对选题背景与意义、国内外研究现状以及研究思路的梳理。正文部分包括五个章节。首章就哈瑞迪派的基本含义、主要特征和教派构成进行了概要介绍,形成对哈瑞迪派的初步印象。第二章以哈瑞迪派与现代化、世俗化的关系为出发点,阐述了哈瑞迪派在欧洲的产生和发展过程。首先指出哈瑞迪派产生的现代化背景,并以匈牙利犹太人的回应为例证,具体剖析了现代化对哈瑞迪派产生的推动作用。后把犹太复国主义运动和犹太大屠杀带给哈瑞迪派的严峻挑战做为重点,在与之对抗的过程中,哈瑞迪派逐渐发展成为一个具有鲜明特点和清晰界线的犹太教派别。第三至五章聚焦于以色列的哈瑞迪派,是文章的重点。第三章论述以色列建国前巴勒斯坦地区哈瑞迪派的成长。犹太复国主义力量在这一地区步步为营,促使哈瑞迪派进一步整合。尽管犹太复国主义力量处于优势地位,但在博弈过程中,双方关系呈现出由紧张到缓和的趋势,哈瑞迪派也迫使对方做出了一些让步。这些让步恰恰成为今天以色列政教矛盾的源头。第四章转入以色列建国后,对哈瑞迪派与国家和世俗社会的关系进行了研究。文章选取了在以色列较为突出并具有影响力的服兵役问题、教育问题和人身权利问题来进行分析,这些问题是以色列教俗、政教矛盾的具体体现。第五章展现了哈瑞迪派的生命力。通过哈瑞迪派政党力量的崛起以及志愿活动的增加,表明传统主义宗教派别在现代化社会中也能够主动求变,具有极大的适应性。最后得出两个结论：哈瑞迪派是现代化的产物；宗教势力成为影响以色列发展的重要因素。
[Abstract]:Haredim is a typical representative of traditional Jewish forces. In recent years, Israel's Haridist population has grown rapidly and its influence has greatly increased. However, the relevant studies in China are still very limited. This paper tries to clearly discuss the development track of this school and explore the relationship between the traditional religious forces and the state in the context of modernization. Conclusion three parts. The introduction part is a review of the background and significance of the topic, the current research situation at home and abroad as well as the research ideas. The main body includes five chapters. The first chapter is about the basic meaning of Haradei School. The main features and sectarian composition are briefly introduced, forming a preliminary impression of Haridism. The second chapter takes the relationship between Haridism and modernization and secularization as the starting point. This paper expounds the process of the emergence and development of Haridism in Europe. First of all, it points out the background of the modernization of Haridism, and takes the response of the Hungarian Jews as an example. The paper concretely analyzes the role of modernization in promoting Haridists. After that, it focuses on the severe challenges that the Zionist movement and the Holocaust have brought to the Haridists, and in the process of confronting them, The Haridists gradually developed into a Jewish faction with distinct characteristics and clear boundaries. Chapters III to V focus on the Haridist faction in Israel. The third chapter deals with the growth of the Haretti faction in the Palestinian area before the establishment of the state of Israel. The Zionist forces are marching in this area. Although Zionist forces are in a dominant position, in the course of the game, relations between the two sides show a trend from tension to relaxation. Haridists also forced the other side to make some concessions. These concessions are the very source of today's Israeli conflict between church and state. Chapter 4th was turned to Israel after the founding of the state. This paper studies the relationship between the Haridists and the state and the secular society. The article analyzes the problems of military service, education and personal rights, which are prominent and influential in Israel. The concrete embodiment of the contradiction between the state and the church. Chapter 5th shows the vitality of the Haradi faction. Through the rise of the political party strength and the increase of voluntary activities, it shows that the traditional religious school can also actively seek change in the modern society. Finally, two conclusions are drawn: Haradi is the product of modernization and religious influence has become an important factor affecting the development of Israel.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K382.52;B985

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