日本江户时代前期大众文化雏形研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 00:06

本文选题：日本　切入点：江户时代　出处：《南开大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：日本的近代化历程一直是中外史学界研究的重点和热点问题。传统的日本经济史学界一般认为明治期才是日本资本主义和近代化真正意义上的起点，直到上世纪70年代在“数量经济史研究会”的带动下，越来越多的学者才意识到并认可了这样的观点：日本前工业化的近世与工业化的近代是连贯的，近世作为前近代（或者说准近代）在其社会内部已经蕴含了近代化所需的经济要件。从经济基础到文化上层建筑的马克思辩证唯物主义历史观的观点考虑，经济史的“前近代”里很可能包含着文化史的“前近代”。这即是本文最初的问题意识。本文把“大众文化雏形”作为日本文化的“近代萌芽”来进行把握，通过证明“大众文化雏形”的存在，并分析其性质，以说明日本文化走向近代化的原因。一般认为日本的大众文化滥觞于大正年间（1912-1926）。然而，日本的大众文化作为商品经济（消费生活）的双生子，其实在江户庶民文化勃兴期的江户时代前期（17世纪早期~18世纪早期）就已初露端倪。据笔者所知这是还未被日本大众文化研究界予以充分重视的问题。不过，在西方史学界我们已经看到了一些将大众文化研究理论带入前工业社会的尝试。大众文化理论是否能适用于江户时代的文化研究呢？假如近世存在着“大众文化雏形”，即大众文化理论可以应用于近世领域，那么这个“日本大众文化雏形”产生的时间又位于何处呢？首先，笔者认为大众文化理论是可以应用于近世领域的。其次，这个“日本大众文化雏形”的起源就在于商品经济深入，庶民文化勃兴的江户时代前期。基于这一基本思路，本文的绪论主要阐述选题的意义、先行研究的回顾、范畴的界定、理论应用和研究方法、创新点与未来需要继续探索的不足之处。第一章介绍江户时代前期文化的发生基础，第二章到第五章从四个与这一时期文化的“近代性”、“大众性”密切相关的方面对“大众文化雏形”的存在进行证明，并分析这种文化雏形的意义。结论部分总结了正文的主要观点，归纳并阐释了江户时代前期文化的来源、江户时代前期文化与商业的关系，最终为“日本近代化进程”问题的解答提供了一个新的视角。本文的收获及主要创新点体现在以下几个方面：第一，无论是在日本还是中国学界，对明治期以前属于“近世文化史”的领域进行大众文化雏形探源研究，，本文都属于首例。学者们诚然在近世庶民文化研究，近世文化史、近世文学、近世生活史的构架下已取得了十分丰硕的成果。不过上世纪80年代以来才开始在各国文化史研究中初步应用的大众文化理论的引入，未必不能解决一些新问题，开辟前人未涉及的崭新领域，为探索日本文化近代化、甚至日本整体近代化进程的研究做出一点抛砖引玉的贡献。第二，对日本大众文化的追根溯源，对我国文化事业建设有一定的借鉴意义。中国在发展的过程中同样面临着不少问题。其中之一是，与迅猛工业现代化相对的，文化现代化的缺失。正如在中国改革开放之初，面临诸多经济问题的时候，中国的日本学研究中兴起了一股研究日本经济近代化的热潮。鉴于中国和日本都经历了比较漫长的封建社会时期，中日两国同属“汉字、儒教文化圈”，中国明末清初和日本元禄时代都发生了市民文化的兴盛。日本江户时代前期的大众文化雏形探源研究很可能对我国传统文化的传承、发扬问题，以及适合现代中国的文化产业振兴等问题有极大的借鉴意义。第三，区别与传统的文化史研究，本文还具有整体性、实践性和民众性的特点。“整体性”即文章始终注意将经济、社会基础与上层建筑作为一个整体，分析完整的社会生活中诸要素之间的关系，指出民众日常生活与文化间具体的交互影响。“实践性”指本文不仅分析静态的文化现象，精神产品，还留意它们是如何得到接受和传播的。“民众性”是以当时新兴商人阶级的崛起、以及商品经济的勃兴等社会经济特征为突破口，以尽量丰富翔实的史料重现当时人民丰富多彩的生活，以期弄清他们生产、消费着怎样的文化。
[Abstract]:The modernization of Japan has become the focus and hot issue in the study of Chinese and foreign historians. Traditional Japanese economic historians generally believe that Meiji period Japan is the starting point of modern capitalism and the true sense, until the last century in 70s "with economic history number", more and more scholars have realized and endorse the view: Modern and modern industrialization of Japan before industrialization is coherent, as in pre modern (or quasi modern) in the internal society has already contained the required elements of economic modernization. The economic base and the superstructure of the Marx culture view of dialectical materialism view of history, economy the history of the "pre modern" is likely to contain a cultural history of the "pre modern". This is the first problem consciousness. In this paper, the mass culture prototype of Japanese culture as " In order to explain the existence of "the embryonic form of the mass culture" and analyze its nature, the "modern sprout" has been carried out to explain the reasons for the modernization of Japanese culture.
Is generally believed that Japan's mass culture originated from the Taisho years (1912-1926). However, the mass culture of Japan as a commodity economy (consumption) of the twins, in fact in the Edo popular cultural emergence period of the Edo period (early seventeenth Century early ~18 century early) have been emerging. As far as I know it has not been studied circle of Japanese popular culture should be paid more attention to the problem. However, in the western historiography we have seen some theory of mass culture research into the pre industrial society. Try whether mass culture theory can be applied to the cultural studies of the Edo period? If there is a "modern mass culture, mass culture is the prototype of the theory can be applied to in the field, then the" Japanese popular culture prototype "produces time and in what place?
First of all, the author thinks that the theory of mass culture can be applied in modern field. Secondly, the origin of the "Japanese popular culture prototype" lies in the commodity economy deeply, the culture prosperity of the Edo period early. The basic ideas based on the introduction of this paper mainly explains the significance, review of previous researches, the definition of the theory, application and research methods, innovation and the future need to continue to explore the shortcomings. The first chapter introduces the basis of pre culture of the Edo period, the second chapter to the fifth chapter from the four and the culture of this period of "modern times", "public" is closely related to the existence of "mass culture prototype" the proof and analysis of the cultural prototype significance. It summarizes the main points of the text, summarize and explain the source of the culture of the Edo period, before the period of culture and taking the Edo period The relationship of the industry finally provides a new perspective for the answer to the question of "the process of modernization of Japan".
The achievements of this paper and the main innovation points are reflected in the following aspects:
First, both in Japan and China academia, for the mass culture of embryo research on Meiji period belonged to the "modern cultural history" in the field, this paper is the first case. The scholars in modern popular cultural studies indeed, modern cultural history, literature in modern architecture, modern life history has made a very fruitful the last century. But since 80s began to introduce preliminary application in the study of national culture in the history of mass culture theory, can not solve some new problems, opened up a new field of our predecessors did not involve, in order to explore the Japanese modern culture, make a little more even Japan's overall modernization research contribution.
Second, the origin of Japanese popular culture, have certain reference significance for cultural undertakings in our country. China construction in the process of development is also facing many problems. One of them is, and the relative rapid industrial modernization, lack of cultural modernization. Chinese as in the beginning of reform and opening, when faced with many economic problems. The study of Japan Chinese ZTE up a study on modernization of the Japanese economy boom. In view of Chinese and Japan have experienced a relatively long period of feudal society, China and Japan belong to "Chinese characters, cultural circle of Confucianism", China and Japan in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty Genroku period occurred in the prosperity of citizen culture. Mass culture of embryo study on the early Edo period in Japan is likely to China's traditional cultural heritage, carry forward the problem, is of great significance and suitable for modern China culture industry promotion.
Third, the difference with the traditional cultural history study, this paper also has the integrity, practical features. And the people of the "integrity" of articles will always pay attention to the economic and social foundation and superstructure as a whole, analysis the relationship between the elements of complete social life, pointed out that the people's daily life and culture the specific interaction of "practice". This paper not only refers to the static analysis of the cultural phenomenon, the spirit of products, also paid attention to how they are accepted and spread. "People" was a new merchant class rise, social and economic characteristics and the prosperity of the commodity economy as a breakthrough, in order to reproduce the rich historical data at that time the people rich and colorful life, in order to find out their production, a kind of consumption culture.

【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K313.36;G131.3

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