战后澳大利亚的欧洲大陆移民政策

发布时间：2018-03-17 03:29

本文选题：澳大利亚　切入点：欧洲大陆　出处：《苏州科技学院》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：澳大利亚是一个移民国家。第二次世界大战后至60年代中期是澳大利亚移民的重要历史时期。战后澳大利亚百废待兴,加强防务、国家重建以及促进社会发展等都是政府亟待解决的问题,这些问题的解决都离不开丰富的人力资源。鉴于通过本国人口的自然增长无法满足对劳动力大量需求的现实,澳大利亚政府遂制订了大规模的国家移民计划。由于来自英国的移民数量与移民目标相去甚远,澳大利亚政府不得不调整其移民政策,将移民来源地从英国扩大到欧洲大陆。澳大利亚政府在接受欧洲大陆移民的过程中,对来自不同地区的移民实行不同的移民政策。来自西欧、北欧的移民是受到欢迎的,他们来到澳洲后得到了妥善的安置,并可以从事他们喜欢的工作;而来自东欧、南欧的移民只能被勉强地接受,他们在澳洲也只能从事一些体力劳动。但无论如何,这一时期国家移民计划的实施尤其是面向欧洲大陆招揽移民,不仅基本实现澳大利亚人口的增长目标,而且基本满足战后国家建设对劳动力的需求。就移民政策作为一项国策而言,战后有关欧洲大陆移民政策的制订与实施,并没有从根本上危及“白澳”政策,“白澳”政策仍是澳大利亚移民政策的根本。但不可否认的是,接纳欧洲大陆移民包括后来有选择地接受少量欧洲以外地区的移民,说明了传统的移民政策开始发生了变化。由此可见,70年代初“白澳”政策最终退出历史舞台与这一时期移民政策微妙的变化不无关系。
[Abstract]:Australia is an immigrant country. The period from World War II to the middle of 60s is an important historical period for Australian immigrants. National reconstruction and the promotion of social development are urgent problems for the Government, which cannot be solved without a wealth of human resources. Given the fact that the massive demand for labour cannot be met through the natural growth of the country's population, The Australian government has developed a massive national immigration plan. Because the number of immigrants from the UK is far from its goal, the Australian government has had to adjust its immigration policy to extend the country of origin from the UK to continental Europe. In the process of accepting immigrants from continental Europe, the Australian government has adopted different immigration policies for immigrants from different regions. Immigrants from Western Europe and Northern Europe are welcome, and they have been properly resettled after they arrived in Australia. And they can do jobs they like; immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe can only be reluctantly accepted, and they can only do some manual work in Australia. But anyway, During this period, the implementation of the National Migration Plan, especially the recruitment of immigrants to the European continent, not only basically achieved the goal of Australia's population growth, but also basically met the demand for labor force in the post-war national construction. As far as immigration policy is concerned, the formulation and implementation of immigration policy in continental Europe after the war did not fundamentally endanger the "White Australia" policy, which is still the basis of Australian immigration policy. The admission of immigrants from the European continent, including the subsequent selective acceptance of a small number of migrants from outside Europe, It shows that the traditional immigration policy began to change, so it can be seen that the final withdrawal of the "White Australia" policy from the historical stage in the early 1970s has something to do with the subtle changes in the immigration policy of this period.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K611

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