试论日本武士阶级的主从关系

发布时间：2018-03-17 22:35

本文选题：日本　切入点：武士阶级　出处：《贵州师范大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 武士产生后,出于维护自身的利益和增强武力的需要,武士集团内部主君与从者之间的主从关系也随之形成。主从关系以利益为纽带,通过主君的“御恩”与从者的“奉公”,使刚刚诞生的武士团形成一荣俱荣、一损俱损的利益共同体和命运共同体,增强了武士集团内部的凝聚力和战斗力,有力地推动了武士阶级的形成和发展。武士政权建立后,随着武士阶级成为政治上的统治阶级和社会上的主流阶级,在武士的生活实践中产生的私人性主从关系,成了统治阶级的社会关系和国家的正式制度,与幕府政权的中央和地方官制相结合,成了武家社会结构的轴心和武士政权制度结构的基石,直接影响维持武家统治秩序和武家政权的基础。主从关系作为武士阶级内部最重要的社会关系,不仅影响和制约武士的职业生活、社会生活、家庭生活,而且影响和制约武士阶级的精神生活,武士精神就是直接由主君与从者的行为规范和伦理道德发展而来的。经过长期的历史积淀,主从关系在江户幕府时代全面渗透到了农工商阶级之中,影响农工商三民的社会组织和伦理道德。而且,明治维新以来的终身雇佣制度也与武士的主从关系密不可分。
[Abstract]:After the samurai came into being, in order to protect their own interests and strengthen the force, the master-subordinate relationship between the master and the follower within the samurai group was formed. The relationship between the Lord and the follower is linked by the interests, and through the "imperial grace" of the lord and the "worship" of the followers, the newly born samurai regiment forms a community of interests and a community of destiny which are full of prosperity, all of which are harmful to each other. It strengthened the cohesion and fighting power of the samurai group and promoted the formation and development of the samurai class. After the establishment of the samurai regime, with the samurai class becoming the ruling class in politics and the mainstream class in the society, the relationship between the private people in the practice of the samurai life became the social relations of the ruling class and the formal system of the state. Combined with the central and local official system of the shogunate regime, it became the axis of the Wushu social structure and the cornerstone of the samurai regime structure, which directly affected the maintenance of the Wushu ruling order and the Wushu regime. As the most important social relationship within the samurai class, the relationship between master and subordinate not only affects and restricts the professional life, social life and family life of the samurai, but also affects and restricts the spiritual life of the samurai class. Samurai spirit is developed directly from the code of conduct and ethics of the lord and follower. After a long period of historical accumulation, the relationship between the principal and subordinate was fully infiltrated into the peasant and industrial classes in the Edo Shogunate era, which affected the social organization and ethics of the three peoples of agriculture, commerce and industry. Moreover, The life-long employment system since the Meiji Restoration is closely related to the samurai's master and subordinate.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K313

【参考文献】