近代早期英国治安法官的济贫实践

发布时间：2018-03-20 05:25

本文选题：近代英国　切入点：治安法官　出处：《世界历史》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：近代早期英国社会急剧分化,贫困问题日益凸显。为应对贫困问题,治安法官领导的地方政府积极探索济贫之道,有力地推动了国家出台济贫法令。到17世纪初,英国建立了一整套济贫法体系,并授权治安法官监督教区开展济贫实践,这集中体现在救济穷人、控制流民与提供工作等方面。治安法官作为中央与地方的联结纽带,其济贫实践成为近代早期英国中央与地方关系的缩影。贫困问题关乎国家安定与社会秩序,因此济贫成为中央与地方的共识。在此前提下,治安法官积极推进济贫实践,以解决贫困问题,为英国社会稳定转型与国家有序治理提供条件。近代早期英国治安法官的济贫实践切实反映出英国在治理社会问题的过程中,注重协调中央与地方、顶层设计与基层实践的关系。
[Abstract]:In the early modern times, the British society was sharply divided, and the problem of poverty became increasingly prominent. In order to deal with the problem of poverty, the local government led by magistrates actively explored ways to help the poor, which powerfully pushed the country to issue a decree on poverty relief. By the beginning of 17th century, The United Kingdom has established a set of poverty relief laws and authorized magistrates to supervise the parish to carry out the practice of poverty relief, which is embodied in the relief of the poor, the control of the displaced and the provision of work. The magistrates are the link between the central and the local authorities. The practice of poverty relief has become a microcosm of the relationship between the central and local governments in the early modern times. The problem of poverty is related to national stability and social order, so the poverty relief has become a common understanding between the central and local governments. On this premise, magistrates actively promoted the practice of poverty relief. In order to solve the problem of poverty and to provide conditions for the stable transformation of the British society and the orderly governance of the country, the practice of helping the poor by the British magistrates in the early modern times really reflected that the United Kingdom paid attention to coordinating the central and local governments in the process of managing the social problems. The relationship between top level design and basic practice.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学历史文化学院;
【分类号】：K561.33

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