德意志帝国时期养老保险制度探析

发布时间：2018-03-23 04:04

  本文选题：德国　切入点：养老　出处：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：19世纪通过三次王朝战争,德国完成了统一建立了德意志帝国,与此同时德国的工业开始迅速发展。工业化带来经济腾飞的同时也产生了严重的社会问题,其中的一个重要的问题——工人的养老问题。在工业化和城市化过程中,大批的劳动者来到城市,很快扩大了工人的队伍,由于产业工人生活条件很差,一旦生病或年龄偏大,生活状况堪忧,因此工人运动此起彼伏。为了缓和严重对立的阶级矛盾,俾斯麦时期的政府开始采用立法的形式为工人设立社会保险,1889年《老年和残疾保险法》在这样的大背景下被通过。 《老年和残疾保险法》虽然不完善,但是它为一部分工人提供了养老金,缓解了他们的经济压力。随着第二次工业革命开展,出现了一个新的阶级——白领阶级,他们要求获得与身份相适应的特权与养老金,推动了德国政府颁布了《雇员保险法》。1911年颁布的《雇员保险法》承认了白领阶级的地位,白领阶级也获得与身份相适应的养老金,养老保险的范围进一步扩大。1912年德国政府颁布了《帝国保险法》——社会保险法的汇编,也标志德意志帝国养老保险制度的初步完善。养老保险制度作为一种保险制度,是不断的发展与完善的制度。
[Abstract]:In the 19th century, Germany completed the unification and established the German Empire through the three dynasties War. At the same time, German industry began to develop rapidly. While industrialization brought about economic takeoff, it also produced serious social problems. In the course of industrialization and urbanization, a large number of workers came to the cities and quickly expanded the ranks of workers. Because of the poor living conditions of industrial workers, once they became ill or were too old, As a result of the worrying living conditions, the workers' movement continued one after another. In order to ease the serious antagonistic class contradictions, The government of Bismarck began to establish social insurance for workers in the form of legislation, and the Old Age and Disability Insurance Act of 1889 was passed against this background. Although the Law on Old Age and Disability Insurance is not perfect, it provides pensions for some workers and alleviates their economic pressure. With the second Industrial Revolution, a new class, the white-collar class, has emerged. They demanded privileges and pensions commensurate with their status, prompting the German government to enact the employees' Insurance Act. The employees' Insurance Act of 1911 recognized the status of the white-collar class, and the white-collar class received pensions commensurate with their status. The scope of old-age insurance was further expanded. In 1912, the German government promulgated the "Imperial Insurance Law"-a compilation of social insurance laws, which also marked the initial improvement of the German Reich old-age insurance system. Is the continuous development and perfect system.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K516.42;F845.16
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本文编号：1651788