二十世纪六七十年代美国妇女的反战和平运动

发布时间：2018-03-23 23:38

本文选题：越南战争　切入点：美国妇女反战运动　出处：《厦门大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 20世纪六十年代到七十年代初,美国在越南进行了一场历史上耗时最长,耗资最大的战争。这场战争对美国的政治、经济、军事和社会各个方面都造成了巨大的影响。随着越南战争的深入,美国国内掀起了声势浩大的反战运动,在民间自发组织的反对政府侵略越南的和平运动中,妇女的反战行为独具特色,形成了一股巨大的反战力量。与此同时,美国历史上第二次妇女运动兴起。这场运动始于二十世纪六十年代中期,妇女的平等权利意识的提升推动了她们参与和组织反战运动,并最终使反战运动取得了一定的成果,而妇女的反战运动又促使了第二次妇女运动高潮的到来,妇女的权利和利益的诉求在反战运动中得到了很好的体现。所以二十世纪六七十年代的妇女反战运动和妇女运动紧密相连。本文试图通过对越南战争时期美国国内的妇女反战运动的全面考察与分析,以探讨妇女的反战和平运动与战争所特有的联系,并探讨妇女反战运动和妇女运动的联系,试图从女性的角度出发去反思战争。全文分为四个部分进行论述。前言部分主要概括了本文论述的目的和意义,并介绍了近年来国内外对本课题研究的概况。文章的第一部分论述了美国妇女反对越南战争的历史背景,并从美国当时的对外政策出发探讨美国政府是怎样一步一步走入战争的。文章的第二部分论述了美国妇女反对越南战争的主要经过,主要以美国的“国际妇女和平与自由同盟”(Women's International League for Peace andFreedom)和“妇女为和平斗争同盟”(Women Strike for Peace)为例说明妇女在不同阶段的斗争形式和特点。文章的第三部分主要讲述了美国妇女反对越南战争的特殊原因,以女性独特的视角,从母性理论、社会制度、参政欲望等几个方面展开论述。文章的第四部分主要讲述了美国妇女反对越南战争的历史意义,除了论述妇女反战运动对战争的影响之外,主要是把这一时期的妇女反战运动和十九世纪三四十年代的妇女反战运动相比较,突出这一时期的反战运动对妇女运动的影响从而揭示二者的关系,其目的也是为了认识这一时期妇女反战运动的特征。结论部分总结全文。
[Abstract]:From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the United States fought the longest and most expensive war in its history in Vietnam. With the deepening of the Vietnam War, there has been a huge anti-war movement in the United States, in the peace movement organized by the people against the government's invasion of Vietnam. Women's anti-war behavior was unique and formed a huge anti-war force. At the same time, the second women's movement in the history of the United States began in the mid-1960s. The promotion of women's awareness of equal rights promoted their participation in and organization of anti-war movements, and finally made the anti-war movement achieve certain results, and the women's anti-war movement promoted the arrival of the second women's movement climax. The demands of women's rights and interests were well reflected in the anti-war movement, so the women's anti-war movement in the 1960s and 1970s was closely related to the women's movement. This paper attempts to probe into the unique relationship between women's anti-war and the war through a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the women's anti-war movements in the United States during the Vietnam War, as well as the links between the women's anti-war movements and the women's movements. This paper attempts to reflect on the war from the angle of women. The paper is divided into four parts. The preface mainly summarizes the purpose and significance of this paper, and introduces the general situation of the research on this subject at home and abroad in recent years. The first part of the article discusses the historical background of American women's opposition to the Vietnam War, and discusses how the American government entered the war step by step from the foreign policy of the United States at that time. The second part of the article discusses the main process of American women's opposition to the Vietnam War. Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in the United States and Women Strike for Peace in the United States are examples to illustrate the forms and characteristics of women's struggles in different stages. The third part of the article mainly describes the special reasons of American women's opposition to the Vietnam War, from the perspective of women, from the maternal theory, the social system, the desire to participate in politics and other aspects. The fourth part of the article mainly describes the historical significance of American women's opposition to the Vietnam War, in addition to discussing the influence of women's anti-war movement on the war. It is mainly to compare the women's anti-war movement in this period with the women's anti-war movement in the 1930s and 1940s, so as to highlight the influence of the anti-war movement in this period on the women's movement, thus revealing the relationship between the two movements. Its purpose is also to understand the characteristics of women's anti-war movement in this period. The conclusion part summarizes the full text.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K712.54

【引证文献】