古希腊橄榄文化探析

发布时间：2018-03-31 22:32

本文选题：古希腊　切入点：橄榄文化　出处：《西南大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 橄榄种植在古希腊农业中占据重要的地位,是地中海农业体系的基本组成部分。橄榄及其加工品被广泛地用于古希腊人生活的各个方面,在其运用过程中产生了一系列的文化和社会现象。古希腊橄榄文化的产生、形成与发展体现了橄榄与社会、经济、文化、宗教、艺术之间的相互关系。因此本文试图以古典文献为基础,运用考古学、文化学、宗教学、农学及植物学等多个学科的理论和方法对古希腊橄榄文化作一个综合性的研究,旨在分析古希腊橄榄文化的基本涵义,以及橄榄文化与希腊经济-社会的相互影响。本文共分为五个部分。第一部分绪论,主要介绍古希腊橄榄文化的研究现状和本文的主要观点。第二部分,神话与象征—橄榄神圣性溯源,通过对橄榄树与雅典娜、赫拉克勒斯等神的关系的探讨,追溯橄榄神圣性的渊源。第三部分橄榄的种植和加工,运用古典史料、考古材料,再现橄榄在古希腊的基本情况,包括橄榄种植收获情况,加工的技术和设备；介绍圣树的来历、城邦对圣树的管理和保护、城邦对圣橄榄油的征收情况,并且粗略地估算当时阿提卡地区圣树的数量。第四部分,橄榄文化的形成与涵义,分别从日常生活和宗教领域考察了橄榄和橄榄油的使用情况。从而得知由于产品凝结的劳动力和技术的不同,橄榄油的地位明显高于腌制橄榄；就消费群而言,橄榄油的消费多为富人,而穷人食用腌制橄榄更多；人们对橄榄油的消费已经脱离了基本的物质需求层面,消费橄榄油成为希腊人,尤其是男人,身份和地位的一种象征；宗教领域对橄榄枝和橄榄油的使用,进一步强化了橄榄的文化意义,巩固和加强了橄榄在希腊的地位。进而提炼出橄榄文化的涵义,即物态文化、行为文化、制度文化、宗教文化、心态文化。第五部分,橄榄文化与希腊社会—经济,橄榄文化与古代希腊经济、宗教的相互影响。
[Abstract]:Olive cultivation plays an important role in ancient Greek agriculture and is a basic part of Mediterranean agricultural system.Olives and their processed products have been widely used in various aspects of ancient Greek life, and have produced a series of cultural and social phenomena.The formation and development of ancient Greek olive culture embodies the relationship between olive and society, economy, culture, religion and art.Therefore, based on the classical literature, this paper attempts to make a comprehensive study of the olive culture in ancient Greece by using the theories and methods of archaeology, culturology, religion, agronomy and botany.The purpose is to analyze the basic meaning of ancient Greek olive culture and the interaction between olive culture and Greek economy-society.This paper is divided into five parts.The first part of the introduction, mainly introduces the ancient Greek olive culture research and the main point of view.In the second part, the origin of olive sacredness is traced to the relationship between olive tree and Athena, Hera Klees and other gods.The third part of olive planting and processing, using classical historical materials, archaeological materials, reproduction of olive in ancient Greece, including olive harvest, processing technology and equipment; introduce the history of the holy tree,The management and protection of holy trees by the city-states, the expropriation of holy olive oil by the city-states, and a rough estimate of the number of sacred trees in the Attica region at that time.The fourth part, the formation and meaning of olive culture, respectively from the daily life and religion to investigate the use of olive and olive oil.As a result, olive oil has a higher status than preserved olive because of the different labor force and technology of product condensation. As far as consumers are concerned, the consumption of olive oil is mostly rich, but the poor eat more preserved olives.People's consumption of olive oil has gone beyond the basic level of material needs, and consumption of olive oil has become a symbol of the identity and status of the Greeks, especially men; the use of olive branch and olive oil in the religious sphere.Further strengthen the cultural significance of olives, consolidate and strengthen the status of olives in Greece.Then extract the meaning of olive culture, namely material culture, behavior culture, system culture, religious culture, mentality culture.The fifth part, the interaction between olive culture and Greek society-economy, olive culture and ancient Greek economy and religion.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K545

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