日本侵华期间“大陆新娘”政策研究（1931-1945）

发布时间：2018-03-31 21:27

本文选题：日本移民政策　切入点：“大陆新娘”　出处：《首都师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：日本在侵华期间向中国东北推行了大规模的移民侵略政策,为了配合该政策的实施,推行了“大陆新娘”政策。本文主要考察“大陆新娘”政策的缘起、确立和实行情况。九·一八事变后,日本为了实现长期占领中国东北以及防御苏联的目的,向中国东北派遣“武装移民”。由于中国抗日游击队的不断反击,而且“武装移民”不适应当地的气候和条件,出现水土不服等症状,移民团团员陆续患上了所谓的“屯垦病”。为了缓和移民情绪,让他们更好地在当地定居,东宫铁男提出了招募“大陆新娘”的策略。 1936年,日本推出了《二十年百万户送出计划》,向中国东北大规模移民,接着,又实行了“满蒙开拓青少年义勇军”制度。由于在中国东北的日本单身青年日益增多,日本政府必然需要招募更多的“大陆新娘”。1938年开始,拓务省联合农林省和文部省面向全国招募新娘,制定了百万新娘的招募计划。1939年,第74届帝国议会通过了《关于设立女性移民养成所的文件》,决定在全国开展女子拓殖训练。同年12月,招募“大陆新娘”的问题写入了推行大规模移民的纲领性文件《满洲开拓政策基本要纲》,正式实行招募“大陆新娘”的政策,开设了培养“大陆新娘”的各种机构。 1941年底,太平洋战争爆发,日本国内的劳动力愈发枯竭,可是“满洲移民”第二期五年计划并没有考虑这个问题,日本各府县不得不继续加大“满蒙开拓青少年义勇军”的招募,因此,“大陆新娘”的招募迫在眉睫。日本各府县、团体组织纷纷开展活动,组织女子拓殖训练所、女子拓殖讲习会,在“满洲”设立开拓女塾等等,吸引了大量日本女性奔赴中国东北。但是,日本战败后,这些“大陆新娘”成为了日本的“弃民”,大部分人死于战乱或者集体自杀,也有些人历经磨难,作为“残留妇女”活了下来。 “大陆新娘”政策是日本向中国推行移民侵略政策的组成部分,辅助了日本“满洲移民”政策的推行,支援了日本的侵略战争。“大陆新娘”既是战争中的受害者,也是战争中的侵略者。她们的作用是繁衍人口,支援粮食生产以及从事民族同化、缓和民族矛盾。战后,“大陆新娘”被日本政府抛弃,成为了战争的牺牲品。所以,日本政府推行的“大陆新娘”政策完全服务于日本的国家利益。
[Abstract]:In order to cooperate with the policy of "mainland brides", Japan carried out a large-scale policy of immigration aggression to Northeast China during its invasion of China. This paper mainly examines the origin, establishment and implementation of the policy of "mainland brides". After the September 18 incident, Japan sent "armed immigrants" to Northeast China in order to achieve its long-term goal of occupying northeast China and defending the Soviet Union. As a result of the continuous counter-attack by China's anti-Japanese guerrillas, Moreover, "armed migrants" do not adapt to the local climate and conditions and have symptoms such as water and soil resistance. Members of the immigrant regiment have been suffering from so-called "settlement sickness" one after another. In order to ease the mood of immigrants and allow them to settle in the area better, Tetsuko Tetsuko has proposed a strategy for recruiting mainland brides. In 1936, Japan launched the "Plan for sending out millions of households for 20 years", which brought large-scale immigrants to Northeast China, and then introduced the "Manchu Mongolia Youth Volunteer Army" system. As the number of single Japanese youths in Northeast China increased day by day, The Japanese government is bound to recruit more "mainland brides". In 1938, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and the Ministry of Education and Culture jointly recruited brides across the country and formulated a recruitment plan for millions of brides. The 74th Imperial Assembly adopted the document on the Establishment of the Institute for the Development of Women immigrants, which decided to conduct women's colonization training throughout the country. In December of the same year, The issue of recruiting "mainland brides" was written into a programmatic document on large-scale migration, "the basic outline of Manchuria's opening up Policy", which formally implemented the policy of recruiting "mainland brides" and set up various institutions for training "mainland brides". At the end of 1941, when the Pacific War broke out, Japan's domestic labor force was increasingly depleted, but the second Five-Year Plan for Manchuria immigrants did not take this issue into account. Japan's prefectures have to continue to increase the recruitment of the "Manchu Mongolia Youth Volunteer Army". Therefore, the recruitment of "mainland brides" is imminent. Japan's prefectures, prefectures and prefectures have organized activities to organize women's colonization training institutes. The women's colonization seminar, the establishment of a women's school in Manchuria, and so on, attracted a large number of Japanese women to go to northeast China. However, after Japan lost the war, These "mainland brides" became Japan's "abandoned people", most of them died of war or mass suicide, and some survived the ordeal as "residual women." The "mainland bride" policy is an integral part of Japan's immigration aggression policy toward China, which supports Japan's "Manchuria immigration" policy and supports Japan's aggressive war. "mainland Bride" is the victim of the war. They are also invaders in the war. Their role is to multiply the population, support food production, engage in national assimilation, ease ethnic conflicts. After the war, the "mainland brides" were abandoned by the Japanese government and become victims of the war. The "mainland bride" policy pursued by the Japanese government serves the national interests of Japan completely.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K313.46

【共引文献】