战后美国城市郊区化模式及其对中国的适用性研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 12:54

本文选题：战后美国　切入点：城市郊区化　出处：《江西师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在西方发达国家中,美国的城市郊区化具有典型性,因而深受学界关注。对美国城市郊区化的考察不仅有助于认识城市发展的一般规律,而且能够学习它的经验和教训。本文考察了二战以后美国城市郊区化的进程,探讨了美国郊区化的动因,分析了美国郊区化的负面效应,并在此基础上挖掘了战后美国城市郊区化模式中适用于中国城市化的内容。第一章考察了二战以后美国城市郊区化的发展及其特点。美国的城市郊区化最初是从居住的郊区化开始的,二战以后就业的郊区化也日益发展起来。战后美国城市郊区的特点主要有三个。一是较少受到政府的干预,从城市核心向外自然扩展。二是低密度蔓延,郊区功能区单一,郊区居民通勤距离长。三是大都市区郊区的发展壮大了大都市区的实力,有利于各种资源的集约利用。第二章探讨了战后美国城市郊区化的动力机制。其推动力量主要有四个方面。一是新交通工具的应用和交通方式的变化;二是经济的发展和经济结构的调整;三是主流家庭模式和生活方式的变迁;四是美国联邦政府推进郊区化的政策。第三章分析了战后美国城市郊区化的负面效应。这种负面效应,可以从对资源环境和对人两个方面来考察。就前者而言,郊区的发展对资源和环境造成了很大的浪费和破坏。就后者而论,美国郊区的居住环境实质上是非人性化的。第四章论述了战后美国城市郊区化模式对于中国的适用性问题。根据国情,中国应该走具有中国特色的城市郊区化道路。但是,美国模式也有适用于中国的内容。其中,郊区化依托大都市区化、郊区化的新理论都是美国模式值得借鉴的重要方面。
[Abstract]:In the western developed countries, the suburbanization of American cities is typical, so it is paid close attention to by scholars.The study of American suburbanization is not only helpful to understand the general law of urban development, but also to learn its experience and lessons.This paper examines the process of suburbanization in the United States after World War II, probes into the causes of suburbanization in the United States, and analyzes the negative effects of suburbanization in the United States.On this basis, the article excavates the content of the American suburbanization model suitable for China's urbanization after the war.The first chapter examines the development and characteristics of American suburbanization after World War II.The suburbanization of American cities began with the suburbanization of residence and the suburbanization of employment after World War II.There were three main features of the American urban suburbs after the war.First, less government intervention, from the urban core to the natural expansion.Second, low density spread, the suburban functional area is single, suburban residents long commuting distance.Third, the development of metropolitan suburbs strengthens the strength of metropolitan areas, conducive to intensive use of various resources.The second chapter discusses the dynamic mechanism of American suburbanization after the war.Its driving force has four main aspects.One is the application of new means of transportation and the change of transportation mode; the other is the development of economy and the adjustment of economic structure; the third is the change of mainstream family pattern and lifestyle; and the fourth is the policy of the United States federal government to promote suburbanization.The third chapter analyzes the negative effects of American suburbanization after the war.This kind of negative effect, can examine from two aspects of resource environment and person.As far as the former is concerned, the development of suburbs has caused great waste and destruction to resources and environment.As far as the latter is concerned, the living environment in the American suburbs is essentially dehumanized.The fourth chapter discusses the applicability of the American suburbanization model to China after the war.According to the national conditions, China should take the road of suburbanization with Chinese characteristics.But the American model also has content that applies to China.Among them, the new theory of suburbanization based on metropolitan area and suburbanization is an important aspect of American model.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K712

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