修道院对欧洲中世纪大学兴起的影响探微

发布时间：2018-04-15 21:31

本文选题：修道院 + 中世纪大学　；参考：《东北师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：欧洲中世纪大学兴起是多种因素共同作用的结果。经济方面,中世纪中期欧洲社会商品经济的恢复和发展迫切需要知识和技能的支持和保障;文化交流方面,当时兴起的阿拉伯翻译运动促进了知识的传播和生成;社会发展方面,城市居民的生活需求也从一方面刺激了中世纪大学的兴起。这些都为欧洲中世纪大学的兴起提供了良好的外部条件。此外,一直存在于欧洲社会的修道院及其附设的学校为中世纪大学的兴起奠定了组织和传统上的基础。本论文的题目为修道院对欧洲中世纪大学兴起的影响探微,文章的主旨在于分析修道院在中世纪大学的兴起过程中扮演的角色,发挥的作用,即它对欧洲中世纪大学的兴起产生的影响。以期通过本文的分析和论证将前者对后者的影响阐释清楚,为这一问题及其相关的研究做出有益的补充。全文分为引言、正文两部分,其后附有结语。正文分为五个部分: 第一部分为对办学场所的影响。主要从教学场地和图书馆以及学舍三个方面来揭示修道院对欧洲中世纪大学兴起的影响。修道院为中世纪大学提供了教学活动的场所,安静幽雅的环境为中世纪大学定下了宁静质朴的氛围基调。同时它的教堂还一度作为中世纪大学学生上课和举行活动的场所。修道院里设有图书室,不仅保存了古典文献而且也供修道者学习和研读宗教经典。中世纪大学从此得到借鉴,图书馆成为其必备的设施。修道院既是修道者修道的地方也是他们生活的场所,它集修道和生活的功能于一身,这种膳宿制度对中世纪大学基础设施的建设产生了影响,学舍在大学里出现了,在那里学生们生活和学习。第二部分为对师生构成与资质的影响。主要从教师的构成与资质、学生来源与资格这两方面来梳理修道院对欧洲中世纪大学兴起的影响。修道院的人员构成和对修道者资质的要求影响了欧洲中世纪大学的师生构成和对他们的选拔认定。第三部分为对教学环节的影响。主要从教学内容和教学方法两个方面来探究修道院对欧洲中世纪大学产生的影响。第四部分为对管理机制与规章制度的影响。修道院对修道者日常生活的管理以及为确保修道生活正常进行所制定的各种规章制度成为中世纪大学兴起的有益借鉴,使中世纪大学的产生和运作有一定的规矩和方略。第五部分为对人才培养类型的影响。修道院作为基督教教会的基本组织,本质上是为基督教服务的,但是在当时特殊的时代背景下,修道院承担了更多的社会责任,扮演了多重的社会角色,它是社会的文化教育中心,在人才培养方面对社会的发展产生了一定的影响。修道院及其附设的学校在培养人才方面实行两种模式,有“内修生”和“外修生”的区别。中世纪大学沿用了修道院及其附设学校的人才培养模式,在人才培养方面也采用两种类型,既培养宗教人才,也培养世俗的职业人才,从而满足了社会的需求。
[Abstract]:The rise of the medieval universities in Europe is the result of a combination of factors . In the economic field , the recovery and development of the European social commodity economy in the middle of the Middle Ages urgently needed the support and security of knowledge and skills ; in the aspect of cultural exchange , the rising Arab translation movement has stimulated the spread and generation of knowledge ; and in the aspect of social development , the living needs of the urban residents have stimulated the rise of the medieval universities . These have provided good external conditions for the rise of the medieval universities in Europe . In addition , the schools of the European society and their affiliated schools have laid the foundation for the rise of the medieval universities .

The subject of this thesis is the influence of the monastery on the rise of the medieval universities in Europe . The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the role played by the abbey in the rise of the medieval universities , which is the influence of its influence on the rise of the medieval universities in Europe .

The full text is divided into three parts : introduction , body two parts , followed by concluding remarks .

The text is divided into five parts :

The first part is divided into the influence on the school - running places . The influence of the monastery on the rise of the medieval universities in Europe is revealed mainly from three aspects of the teaching site and library , as well as the school buildings . The abbey is a place for the medieval university to set a quiet atmosphere . At the same time , its church has been used as a necessary facility for the medieval universities .

The second part is the influence of the composition and qualification of the teachers and students . The influence of the monastery on the rise of the medieval universities in Europe is analyzed mainly from the composition and qualification of the teacher , the source and the qualification of the students . The composition of the monastery and the requirements for the qualifications of the monks affect the composition of the teachers and students of the medieval universities in Europe and their selection .

The third part discusses the influence of the monastery on the medieval universities in Europe , mainly from two aspects of teaching content and teaching method .

The fourth part is divided into the influence of the management mechanism and the rules and regulations . The abbey is a useful reference for the management of the daily life of the monks and the various rules and regulations made to ensure the normal life of the monks , so that the generation and operation of the medieval universities have certain rules and strategies .

The fifth part , as the basic organization of the Christian church , is essentially a Christian service , but under the special background of the times , the monastery has more social responsibility , plays a multiple social role , it is the cultural education center of the society , and has a certain influence on the development of society .

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G649.5;K503

【参考文献】