英王爱德华三世的经济政策研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 07:30

本文选题：爱德华三世 + 经济政策　；参考：《天津师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：爱德华三世是英国中世纪晚期一位重要的国王,他在位的半个世纪里英国政治、军事、经济方面发生了剧烈的变动。国王和议会制定了一系列经济政策,这些经济政策的实施推动了本国商人势力崛起和呢绒工业复兴,它们可谓英国经济增长的两个急先锋,英国经济的发展方向也有所改变。本文分三个部分来研究爱德华三世的经济政策。第一章主要论述爱德华三世统治时期的整体状况,国王通过与贵族、商人保持亲密信任的关系来维持国内政治稳定和获取战争资金支持,英国与佛兰德尔、加斯科尼的密切商业往来成为战争的经济根源,国王的战争和外交政策,为议会控制税收权和增强政治权利提供了契机。第二章主要以爱德华三世在位时期颁布的经济法令为切入点,探讨国王的经济政策,将之分为五类来研究:1.国内商业政策;2.商人政策;3.羊毛和呢绒政策;4.货币政策;5.劳工政策。第三章主要分析国王经济政策对英国当时经济发展和长远发展的影响,其中羊毛和呢绒政策是本章剖析的重点内容,国王支持英国本土商人垄断羊毛出口贸易,给外国商人在英国的势力予以打击,本土商人的经济和政治实力大大增强。英国人开始自主控制本国的财政金融、羊毛出口贸易和港口关税。扶植呢绒工业发展促使英国呢绒生产量猛增,爱德华三世制定的羊毛出口高关税和呢绒出口低关税政策,在其统治后期促使英国羊毛出口量下降呢绒出口量上升。这一政策被后世国王沿用,最终推动英国出口结构转变。
[Abstract]:Edward III was an important king of England in the late Middle Ages. During the half century of his reign, Britain's political, military, and economic changes took place dramatically.The king and parliament set out a series of economic policies, the implementation of which led to the rise of their businessmen and the revival of the woolen industry. They were two pioneers of Britain's economic growth, and the direction of the British economy changed.This article is divided into three parts to study the economic policy of Edward III.The first chapter mainly discusses the whole condition of Edward III's reign, the king maintains the domestic political stability and obtains the war fund support through maintaining the close trust relations with the aristocrat and the merchant, Britain and Flanders,Gasconi's close business ties became the economic root of the war, and the king's war and foreign policy provided an opportunity for parliament to control taxes and strengthen political rights.The second chapter mainly discusses the king's economic policy from the economic law issued by Edward III, and divides it into five categories to study: 1.Domestic Business Policy.The merchant policy is 3.Wool and woolen policy.Monetary policy.Labour policyThe third chapter mainly analyzes the impact of the king's economic policy on the economic development and long-term development of Britain at that time, in which wool and woolen policy are the main contents of this chapter. The king supports the British merchants to monopolize the export of wool.The economic and political strength of local businessmen was greatly enhanced by the crackdown on foreign businessmen in Britain.The British began to control their own finances, wool exports and port duties.The growth of the fedora industry led to a surge in British woolen production, and Edward III's policy of high and low tariffs on wool exports led to a decline in British woolen exports in the later years of his reign.This policy was followed by later kings, and eventually promoted the British export structure change.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K561.33

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