星亨在日本明治时代的政党派阀经营探究

发布时间：2018-04-17 21:54

本文选题：星亨 + 派阀　；参考：《东北师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本论文将通过大量的近代文献史料和相关传记,从日本明治时代以来星亨参与的政党派阀史出发,在对星亨的政党派阀构想及经营进行全面、客观的阐述的基础上,来进一步指出早期日本政党派阀成立与发展的变迁,分析其特点,探究明治时代的政党派阀斗争的影响,并进而论述派阀存在的合理性和弊端,从而力图对星亨其人及其派阀经营活动做以客观和综合的评价。日本政治文化中的等级制度、集团主义、追随强者的心理都成为了产生派阀的重要原因。而明治维新之后,由于藩阀政府之间的权力斗争,失败的藩阀转为政治家,组织政党参与政治活动,导致日本政党建立之初就埋下了派阀斗争的隐患。星亨是日本早期政党派阀的主要构想者和先行者,早年丰富的生活经历使其较早投身政治活动。通过自由民权运动,星亨与板垣退助的自由党建立了联系,并在入党后成为重要的一支派阀关东派的掌权者。他参与领导了大同团结运动,渐渐掌握了立宪自由党(自由党)的实权。自由党和进步党联合组建宪政党后,他又积极参与了派阀斗争,最终率领宪政党内的旧自由党成员与伊藤博文联合,加入了立宪政友会。星亨的被刺杀也是源于派阀斗争的弊端已不被民众接受。虽然星亨被认为是金权政治家,但他在动摇萨摩、长州两藩主导的藩阀政治方面发挥了重要的作用,促进了明治时代议会民主主义与政党政治的建设。星亨的政党派阀构想和经营表现出宗派化,不仅是地方派阀型政党政治,还开始重视地缘以外的因素。这一时期的派阀是不明显的,但它依然有强势的领袖和派阀内的纵向结构,而且重视金钱和舆论。星亨的派阀经营对政党政治产生了深远影响。特别是明显的金权政治,星亨一生的荣辱都与金权政治密切相关,因其而兴,因其而死。另一方面,建立派阀的初衷是为了更好的占据议会和党内的多数,实际上派阀斗争在政党分合中始终发挥了不可忽视的作用。在某一政党长期执政的情况下,由于各个不同派阀进行竞争,使其客观上有政党更替的效果。这一点在战后的自民党派阀斗争中表现特别明显。而从政治文化和政治社会化的角度来看,日本政党发端于19世纪末,向大众社会的第一次渐进始于20世纪初,派阀就是在这样的社会大背景下产生和发展的,星亨正是这一过程的见证者和参与者。
[Abstract]:Based on a large number of historical documents and biographies of modern times, this paper will proceed from the history of the political party faction in which Xing Heng has participated since the Meiji era of Japan, on the basis of a comprehensive and objective elaboration of the concept and operation of the political party school valve of Xing Hang.To further point out the changes of the establishment and development of the early Japanese political party school valve, analyze its characteristics, explore the influence of the Meiji era political party school valve struggle, and then discuss the rationality and malpractice of the school valve.In order to make an objective and comprehensive evaluation of Xingheng people and their business activities.The hierarchies in Japanese political culture, collectivism, and the psychology of following the strong have all become the important reasons for the emergence of the faction.After the Meiji Restoration, because of the power struggle between the vassal governments, the failed vassals became politicians and organized the political parties to participate in political activities, which led to the hidden trouble of the struggle between the Japanese political parties at the beginning of the establishment of the Japanese political parties.Xing Heng was the main conceptor and forerunner of the early Japanese political party, and his rich life experience made him devote himself to politics earlier.Through the liberal civil rights movement, Xing Heng established ties with the Banyuan-backed Liberal Party and became an important faction of the Kantung faction after joining the party.He took part in leading the Datong Solidarity Movement and gradually took over the real power of the Constitutional Liberal Party.After the Liberal Party and the Progressive Party United to form the Constitutionalism Party, he took an active part in the struggle of the faction and eventually led the old Liberal Party members of the Constitutional Party to join the Constitutionalism Friendship Association.Xing Heng's assassination is also due to the abuse of the war of the faction has not been accepted by the public.Although Xing Heng was regarded as a golden power politician, he played an important role in shaking the vassal politics dominated by Sama and Changzhou, and promoted the construction of democracy and party politics in the parliament during the Meiji era.Xing Heng's concept and management of the political parties showed sectarianism, not only the local political parties, but also began to attach importance to the geographical factors.In this period, the valve is not obvious, but it still has a strong leader and the vertical structure of the valve, and attaches importance to money and public opinion.Xing Heng's management of the faction had a profound influence on party politics.Especially the obvious politics of gold power, the honor and disgrace of Xing Heng's life are closely related to the politics of gold power, because of which they rise and die.On the other hand, the original intention of setting up the valve is to occupy the majority of the parliament and the party better. In fact, the struggle of the faction and the valve has always played an important role in the separation and cooperation of political parties.In the case of a political party in power for a long time, due to the competition of different factions, it has the effect of political party replacement objectively.This was particularly evident in the post-war LDP warlord struggle.From the point of view of political culture and political socialization, Japanese political parties started at the end of the 19th century, and the first gradual progress to the mass society began at the beginning of the 20th century. It was under such a social background that the Japanese political parties came into being and developed.Xing Heng is the witness and participant in this process.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K313

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