军队对埃及政治格局的影响研究（1952～2011）

发布时间：2018-04-18 02:06

  本文选题：军队 + 埃及　； 参考：《云南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：从2011年“阿拉伯之春”到塞西政府上台,我们又一次看到了军队对埃及政治格局中的重要影响力。从民众运动到军人政权,埃及政治局势的复杂多变以及军队的突出表现不得不让我们重视军队在埃及政治格局中的作用。本文将运用综合分析的方法,在史料和诸家理论中找出埃及政治发展内外原因,通过分析威权主义政治体系与军人的关系,运用系统论对于二者关系进行分析,以图找出军人在埃及政治格局中上的作用和地位。首先从近代埃及的历史背景入手,梳理埃及独立时期所面临的问题。现代化与现代性的不断纠葛和相互作用导致了埃及在1952年独立后要面对的一系列的问题,包括脆弱的政治认同、经济的严重不平衡、社会失稳混乱、文化的冲突矛盾和持续的外来威胁等,这些问题构成了埃及复杂多样的政治环境。其次,政治环境和政治团体的不断作用造就了埃及的威权主义政治体系,威权主义政体一经建构就获得自主性,这种自主性表现为复杂的结构特征和动态特征。第三,分析军队的政治特征。埃及军队具有对暴力的垄断、强大的组织能力和严格的层级结构、高度的职业素养和专业技能、独立超然的政治地位和对于国家和政权的持续关切等五大特征,这些特征共同构成了军队参与政治的动机和条件。最后,文章通过分析埃及威权主义政治体系与军队的相互关系,试图总结得出埃及军队的主要政治作用。这些作用包括：军队是国家稳定的重要支柱,是巩固政权的重要工具,是政治生活的深度参与方,是世俗主义和民族主义的捍卫者,以及具有的实用主义色彩。埃及军队与政治的关系复杂,希望通过本文讨论能够有助于增进埃及军队、政治和社会的研究。
[Abstract]:From the Arab Spring of 2011 to the coming to power of the Sisi government, we saw once again the military's important influence in Egypt's political landscape.From the popular movement to the military regime, the complex and changeable political situation in Egypt and the outstanding performance of the army make us attach importance to the role of the army in the Egyptian political structure.This paper will use the method of comprehensive analysis to find out the internal and external reasons for the political development of Egypt in the historical data and the theories of various schools. By analyzing the relationship between the political system of authoritarianism and the military personnel, this paper will use the system theory to analyze the relationship between the two.In order to find out the role of soldiers in Egypt's political structure and position.First of all, from the historical background of modern Egypt, to sort out the problems Egypt faced in the period of independence.The constant interplay between modernization and modernity has led to a series of problems that Egypt will face after its independence in 1952, including a fragile political identity, a serious economic imbalance, and social instability.Cultural conflicts and persistent external threats constitute Egypt's complex and diverse political environment.Secondly, the political environment and the continuous role of political groups created the political system of authoritarianism in Egypt, which gained autonomy as soon as it was constructed, and this autonomy was characterized by complex structural and dynamic characteristics.Third, analyze the political characteristics of the army.The Egyptian army is characterized by a monopoly on violence, a strong organizational capacity and strict hierarchy, a high degree of professionalism and expertise, an independent and detached political position and a continuing concern for the State and the regime.These characteristics together constitute the motivation and conditions for the army to participate in politics.Finally, by analyzing the relationship between the political system of Egypt's authoritarianism and the army, this paper tries to summarize the main political functions of the Egyptian army.These roles include: the army is an important pillar of national stability, an important instrument for the consolidation of political power, a deep participant in political life, a guardian of secularism and nationalism, and a pragmatism.The relationship between the Egyptian army and politics is complex, and it is hoped that this discussion will contribute to the study of the Egyptian army, politics and society.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K411.5
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本文编号：1766297