肯尼迪政府的对华政策

发布时间：2018-04-18 21:17

本文选题：冷战 + 肯尼迪政府　；参考：《河南大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 20世纪50年代末60年代初,亚非拉民族解放运动蓬勃发展,一大批前殖民地和半殖民地国家相继取得独立,亚非拉地区逐渐成为东西方争夺的主要对象、冷战的主要战场。中国经济的快速发展,国际地位的日益提高,以及支持亚非拉民族解放战争的言行,使得美国认为中国是破坏世界稳定局势的主要因素,是美国的一个威胁,是美国冷战战略所针对的一个主要对象。肯尼迪政府对华政策中遏制中国的基调并没有改变,从1961年联合国代表权问题、阻止蒋介石反攻大陆、遏制中国核武器发展计划、利用中苏分裂拉拢苏联遏制中国这四个重要的个案中可见一斑。影响肯尼迪政府制定对华政策的因素是复杂的、多重的。既有历史遗留问题,又有东西方冷战国际大环境的制约等等。迫于国际国内形势的压力,肯尼迪政府在对华政策上并没有多大作为,其试图改变对华政策的言行和动机也是不纯的。本文除了引言和结语外分为三个部分: 第一部分,分析20世纪50年代末60年代初世界局势所出现的重大发展变化,说明肯尼迪政府在外交上所面临的挑战;第二部分,对肯尼迪政府时期美中之间发生的四个重要历史问题进行详细的分析与考察;第三部分,分析阻碍美国改变对华政策的几个因素。
[Abstract]:In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the national liberation movement of Asia, Africa and Latin America flourished, a large number of former colonial and semi-colonial countries gained independence one after another, and the region of Asia, Africa and Latin America gradually became the main object of the struggle between the East and the West, and the main battlefield of the Cold War.The rapid development of China's economy, the increasing international status, and the words and deeds of supporting the war of national liberation between Asia, Africa and Latin America have made the United States think that China is a major factor in destabilizing the world situation and a threat to the United States.It is a major target of the Cold War strategy of the United States.The tone of the Kennedy administration's policy toward China to contain China has not changed. From the question of the representation of the United Nations in 1961, it prevented Jiang Jieshi from counterattacking the mainland and containing China's nuclear weapons development program.The four important cases of using Sino-Soviet separatism to coax the Soviet Union to contain China can be seen.The factors that influence Kennedy's policy toward China are complex and numerous.There are not only historical problems, but also the constraints of the international environment of the Cold War between East and West.Under the pressure of the international and domestic situation, the Kennedy administration did not do much in its China policy, and its words, deeds and motives in trying to change its China policy were also impure.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into three parts:The first part analyzes the major developments and changes in the world situation in the late 1950s and early 1960s, and explains the challenges the Kennedy administration faces in diplomacy.Four important historical issues occurred between the United States and China during the Kennedy Administration were analyzed and investigated in detail. The third part analyzes several factors that hinder the United States to change its China policy.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712.54;D871.2

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