格鲁吉亚阿布哈兹民族问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 04:20

本文选题：阿布哈兹 + 格鲁吉亚　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 阿布哈兹民族问题近年来对格鲁吉亚和俄罗斯的关系影响巨大,导致了格鲁吉亚倾向西方的政策,该问题也是外高加索地区动荡不安的主要因素。阿布哈兹民族是外高加索地区的少数民族,国内的研究文章仅对其概况进行简单介绍,缺乏深入系统的研究。基于此,作者拟对阿布哈兹民族的起源,早期与格鲁吉亚的关系,近现代历史政治地位的变迁及格鲁吉亚与阿布哈兹冲突的解决过程和前景进行初步探讨,这也是本文选题的出发点。本文的基本观点是:阿布哈兹民族距今五千年前就生活在阿布哈兹土地上,早期被西亚、希腊和罗马三个文明影响。八世纪三十年代,与格鲁吉亚人建立联合王国;十四至十七世纪被奥斯曼土耳其帝国统治,深受穆斯林文化影响;近代以来处于俄国统治之下;一九一七至一九二一年间曾是山地共和国的成员;一九二一年被格鲁吉亚吞并,一九二五与格鲁吉亚成为协约共和国,一九三一年降格为自治共和国;苏联时期,阿布哈兹一直与格鲁吉亚进行斗争;苏联解体后,阿布哈兹寻求独立,与格鲁吉亚政府发生了持续多年的冲突。双方冲突根源一是历史原因,另一是俄罗斯对该地区霸权政策。作者认为,阿布哈兹虽然得到了俄罗斯承认独立,但不会实现真正的民族独立,阿布哈兹民族问题引起的大国之间的博弈只会给该问题解决带来更火的不确定性,也对该地区的安全带来更大挑战本文从阿布哈兹民族起源入手,论述阿布哈兹民族从早期到当代政治地位变迁的全过程,并对该问题进行总结与反思。第一部分,阿布哈兹人的起源及其与格鲁吉亚的早期关系。通过分析阿布哈兹民族名称起源认识阿布哈兹的早期历史并论述与格鲁吉亚民族的早期关系。第二部分,十八世纪到一九一七年阿布哈兹的历史概况及其政治地位。该部分阐述了俄国统治下阿布哈兹人的生活状况及其政治地位的变迁。第三部分,十月革命后阿布哈兹政治法律地位的变迁。通过论述十月革命后阿布哈兹政治地位的数次变迁来说明阿布哈兹与格鲁吉亚矛盾冲突的历史根源。第四部分,阿布哈兹与格鲁吉亚冲突的解决过程及前景。通过论述从一九九四至二零零八年双方政治解决该问题的历程,分析了该问题的解决前景。第五部分,阿布哈兹民族问题的影响与反思。阿布哈兹民族问题不仅给双方带来巨大灾难与损失,同时也给外高加索地区政治安全造成很大威胁,在大国势力干预下的弱小民族独立及地区和平是不会真正实现的。
[Abstract]:The Abkhaz national issue, which has a great influence on the relations between Georgia and Russia in recent years, has led to Georgia's tendency towards the West, and it is also a major factor in the unrest in Transcaucasia. Abkhazia is a minority in Transcaucasia. Based on this, the author intends to make a preliminary study of the origin of the Abkhaz nation, the early relations with Georgia, the changes in the political status of modern history and the settlement process and prospects of the conflict between Georgia and Abkhazia. This is also the starting point of this paper. The basic viewpoint of this paper is that the Abkhaz people lived on the land of Abkhazia five thousand years ago, and were influenced by the three civilizations of West Asia, Greece and Rome. The United Kingdom was established with the Georgians in the 1930s; was ruled by the Ottoman Turkish Empire from the 14th to the seventeenth century, deeply influenced by Muslim culture; and has been under Russian rule since modern times; He was a member of the mountainous Republic from 1917 to 1921; was annexed by Georgia in 1921; became a treaty republic with Georgia in 1925; and was reduced to an autonomous republic in 1931; during the Soviet period, Abkhazia has struggled with Georgia; after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Abkhazia sought independence and had a long conflict with the Georgian government. The root of the conflict is history and Russia's hegemonic policy towards the region. The author believes that although Abkhazia is recognized by Russia as independent, it will not achieve true national independence, and the game between the great powers caused by the Abkhaz national issue will only bring more uncertainty to the solution of the problem. It also poses greater security challenges to the region. Starting with the origin of the Abkhaz nation, this paper discusses the whole process of the change of the Abkhaz nation's political status from the early period to the present age, and summarizes and reflects on the problem. The first part deals with the origin of the Abkhaz and their early relations with Georgia. The early history of Abkhazia and its early relationship with the Georgian nation are discussed by analyzing the origin of the name of the Abkhaz nationality. The second part is about the history and political status of Abkhazia from the 18 th century to 1917. This part expounds the living conditions and the changes of the political status of the Abkhaz under Russian rule. The third part, the change of the Abkhaz political and legal status after the October Revolution. This paper expounds the historical root of the conflict between Abkhazia and Georgia through several changes in the political status of Abkhazia after the October Revolution. The fourth part, the settlement process and prospect of the conflict between Abkhazia and Georgia. This paper discusses the course of political settlement of this problem between 1994 and 2008, and analyzes the prospect of solving this problem. The fifth part, the influence and reflection of the Abkhaz nationality problem. The Abkhaz national issue not only brings great disaster and loss to both sides, but also poses a great threat to the political security of the Transcaucasian region. The independence of the weak ethnic groups and regional peace under the intervention of the great powers will not really be realized.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K512.951

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