殖民地时期切萨皮克地区商品经济发展

发布时间：2018-04-22 05:04

本文选题：切萨皮克 + 商品经济　；参考：《河南大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 殖民地时期切萨皮克地区的商品生产主要依托种植园,其主要产品就是烟草。切萨皮克经济由于严重依赖烟草这一单一商品,付出了巨大的代价。烟草价格的波动起伏和烟草产业的阶段性萧条使烟草种植者苦不堪言,为了对抗这样的不利局面,他们将商品生产扩大到其他领域,种植者开始尝试大量生产粮食,制造生铁并蓄养牲畜。在商品种类多样化发展的同时,从事商品生产的种植园也发生了变化。烟草种植的主力由小种植园主转变为大种植园主和佃农。从事商品经济生产的劳动力也在17世纪末18世纪初的时候发生了重大转变,由白人契约仆转变为黑人奴隶。本文对殖民地时期切萨皮克地区商品经济发展的轨迹做了一下梳理,并对从事商品经济生产的种植园的经营进行了探究,同时本文还对殖民地和英国对烟草产业的管理进行了研究。本文除引言和结语以外共分三部分: 第一部分:切萨皮克商品经济的成长。这部分主要介绍殖民地时期世纪切萨皮克地区经商品经济的发展过程。主要内容涉及烟草产业的发展和其他商品经济的发展。第二部分:切萨皮克商品经济的主体。这部分主要商品生产主体的基本状况,包括种植园的生产组织形式和收益状况,商品经济的劳动者的变革状况。第三部分:切萨皮克商品经济管理。这部分主要介绍了切萨皮克地区商品经济管理,内容包括烟草监察体系的建立,烟草在海外市场的销售模式和英国对殖民地政策对切萨皮克地区的影响。
[Abstract]:The commodity production of the Chesapeake region in the colonial period mainly relies on the plantation and its main product is tobacco. Chesapeake's economy has paid a huge price for its heavy dependence on tobacco, a single commodity. The fluctuation of tobacco prices and the slump in the tobacco industry have made the tobacco growers miserable to fight against such a problem. As a result, they expanded the production of commodities into other fields, and growers began to try to produce large quantities of grain, make iron and keep livestock. As the variety of commodities developed, the plantations engaged in commodity production had changed. The main force of tobacco planting was changed from small plantation owners to large plantation owners and tenants. The labor force of the economic production also changed greatly in the late seventeenth Century and early eighteenth Century, which was transformed from white contract servant to black slave. This article combed the track of the development of commodity economy in Chesapeake area in colonial period, and explored the management of the plantation that engaged in the production of commodity economy. At the same time, this article also colonized the colonies. The management of tobacco industry in Britain and the United Kingdom was studied.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into three parts.
The first part: the growth of Chesapeake's commodity economy. This part mainly introduces the development process of the commodity economy in the colonial Chesapeake region. The main content involves the development of the tobacco industry and the development of the other commodity economy.
The second part: the main body of Chesapeake's commodity economy. The basic status of the main products of the commodity, including the form of production organization and the income status of the plantation, the change of the laborers in the commodity economy.
The third part: Chesapeake's commodity economy management. This part mainly introduces the commodity economic management in the Chesapeake region, including the establishment of the tobacco monitoring system, the sales model of tobacco in the overseas market and the impact of the British colonial policy on the Chesapeake region.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F731;K712

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