冷战与美国在韩国的文化活动（1961-1969）

发布时间：2018-05-11 20:49

本文选题：文化活动 + 美国　；参考：《华东师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 冷战时期,随着美苏争霸的加剧,美国除了在欧洲地区实施冷战战略之外,还逐步将主战场移向第三世界的亚非拉地区。当时作为第三世界国家的韩国则是美国亚洲冷战的主要基地之一。美国政府意识到必须在文化层面对盟国-韩国进行改造,以对抗猛烈的共产主义狂潮,并有效地宣传美国的政治文化、所谓的先进教育理念等来实现韩国的西方化。从杜鲁门至肯尼迪、约翰逊执政期间,美国通过创建新闻署、组建和平队等方式,一步步将文化手段融入对外宣传范畴之内,文化活动逐渐转变成一种冷战工具。从肯尼迪上台执政到1969年约翰逊执政期满,美国在韩国的政治、经济、军事、文化上都扮演着举足轻重的角色。美国从教育、大众传播及公众活动等方面着手,进行反共宣传及推广、示范其价值观,力图使韩国变成亚洲“西方化”的典型。不过,随着韩国经济实力的增长及执政府力量的加强,这种一边倒的国际文化交流关系也出现了一定程度的转变。本文主要针对1961-1969年美国在韩国的文化战略活动及韩国政府、民众的反应及政策回馈等问题进行研究,力图通过对肯尼迪、约翰逊时期美国对韩国的文化交流政策的分析,揭示“文化”在冷战竞争中的作用,进而揭示其与政治、军事、经济相比所产生的更加深远的影响。本文共分四章,另加导论和结语。导言概述本文的研究意义,回顾了国内外研究状况、研究方法及思路。第一章总体概括冷战时期文化含义的特殊性,美国冷战战略及实施文化宣传战略的主要机构美国新闻署;第二章阐述肯尼迪时期美国对韩宏观政策及在韩国的文化活动状况,主要从教育及大众传媒两个角度着手;第三章亦主要从这两方面入手重点分析约翰逊时期的对韩政策和文化活动的内容和结果。第四章概述期间美国文化的特征及韩国政府的反馈。第五部分结论,对全文做了总体概括,讨论冷战时期美国对韩文化活动的特征和影响及对当今中国外交政策的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:During the Cold War, with the aggravation of American and Soviet hegemony, in addition to the implementation of the Cold War strategy in Europe, the United States gradually moved the main battlefield to the third World region of Asia, Africa and Latin America. South Korea, then a third world country, was one of the main bases of the Cold War in Asia. The American government realized that it was necessary to reform the allied country, South Korea, in order to resist the fierce communist frenzy and effectively propagate the American political culture and the so-called advanced educational concepts to realize the westernization of Korea. From Truman to Kennedy, during Johnson's reign, the United States gradually integrated cultural means into the scope of foreign propaganda through the establishment of the Information Agency and the formation of the Peace Corps, and cultural activities gradually turned into a tool of the Cold War. From Kennedy to Johnson in 1969, America played an important role in Korean politics, economy, military and culture. From the aspects of education, mass communication and public activities, the United States carries out anti-Communist propaganda and promotion, demonstrates its values, and tries to make South Korea a model of "westernization" of Asia. However, with the growth of South Korea's economic strength and the strengthening of the power of the ruling government, this one-sided international cultural exchange relationship has also changed to a certain extent. This paper mainly focuses on the cultural strategic activities of the United States in Korea from 1961 to 1969, the Korean government, the public's reaction and policy feedback, and tries to analyze the American cultural exchange policy in the years of Kennedy and Johnson. Reveal the role of "culture" in Cold War competition, and then reveal its more far-reaching impact than politics, military, and economy. This article is divided into four chapters, plus introduction and conclusion. The introduction summarizes the significance of this paper, reviews the research situation, research methods and ideas at home and abroad. The first chapter generalizes the particularity of the cultural meaning of the Cold War period, the main organization of the Cold War strategy and the cultural propaganda strategy of the United States, the American Information Agency, the second chapter expounds the macro policy of the United States towards Korea and the cultural activities in Korea during the Kennedy period. The third chapter mainly analyzes the contents and results of Johnson's Korea policy and cultural activities from these two aspects. The fourth chapter summarizes the characteristics of American culture and the feedback from the Korean government. The fifth part makes a general summary of the full text, discusses the characteristics and influence of American cultural activities to Korea during the Cold War and the significance of reference to China's foreign policy today.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712

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