罗马共和时期的地中海海盗

发布时间：2018-05-11 19:16

本文选题：罗马共和国 + 海盗　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在古代的文献中有许多关于海盗的记载,海盗的历史从人们最初下海就已经开始了,直到今天仍然存在。海盗以及海盗活动是一直存在并且贯穿于整个历史之中的,我们无法忽略它的存在。在古代地中海,海盗更是与这一地区的历史发展相伴随。就古罗马时期而言,海盗活动在时间上贯穿了其历史发展的各个阶段,在空间上海盗活动的范围也几乎遍及整个地中海。可以说,海盗活动与古罗马历史紧密相关。本文由绪论、正文、结语三部分组成。绪论部分主要介绍了国内外学者对本课题的研究情况,以及研究此课题的意义。正文第一部分,简要介绍罗马共和国前地中海海盗状况以及演变。从海盗活动产生的动因,海盗的社会地位以及早期海盗的劫掠活动三个方面介绍了早期海盗以及海盗行为,而且提到了公元前8—6世纪的东西部地中海海盗以及海盗行为,为描写共和国地中海海盗做了铺垫。正文第二部分,主要介绍共和时期的海盗以及具体的海盗行为,分析了海盗猖獗的原因。共和国早期和中期,根据海盗的活动区域划分了五大海盗集团。海盗活动比较猖獗,对罗马的政治、经济造成严重威胁。海盗猖獗的原因可以总结为三点,第一,随着罗马的扩张,奴隶制大发展,阶级矛盾尖锐,穷人们纷纷加入海盗。第二,罗马的地理环境也为海盗活动提供了便利。第三,随着罗马的不断对外扩张,尤其是罗马通过三次布匿战争,终于征服了海上强国迦太基。于是腓尼基人开始伺机报复。他们同自己曾经的竞争对手希腊人组成联盟,一起从事海盗活动,骚扰破坏罗马的海运。正文第三部分,主要介绍罗马以及其盟友通过立法与武力对海盗进行打击与镇压,此外作为共和国海盗问题的延续还提到了帝国时期的海盗状况。正文第四部分,阐述了海盗与罗马的政治、军事之间的联系。在罗马共和国的末期,“海盗”在罗马共和国内部的政治斗争中成为了一个打击政敌的工具,并且与罗马海军的消长有一定联系。本文在结语部分对共和时期的海盗以及海盗行为做了分析与总结,并且对于解决现代海盗问题提出了自己的看法。海盗和海盗劫掠的历史只是纷繁复杂的罗马史的一面,或许不是最重要的,但是通过这个视角来研究古罗马的历史会更加丰富立体。
[Abstract]:There are many records of pirates in ancient literature, the history of pirates has been in the sea since the beginning, still exists today. Piracy and piracy exist throughout history, and we cannot ignore its existence. In the ancient Mediterranean, pirates were even more associated with the historical development of the region. In ancient Rome, piracy ran through all stages of its history in time, and almost all over the Mediterranean Sea in space. It can be said that piracy is closely related to the history of ancient Rome. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part mainly introduces the domestic and foreign scholars' research on this subject, and the significance of the research. The first part of the text briefly introduces the situation and evolution of pre-Mediterranean piracy in the Roman Republic. From three aspects of the causes of piracy, the social status of pirates and the looting of early pirates, this paper introduces the early pirates and piracy, and refers to the eastern and western Mediterranean pirates and piracy in the 8-6 century BC. It paved the way for describing the Mediterranean pirates of the Republic. The second part of the text mainly introduces pirates and specific acts of piracy in the Republican period, and analyzes the reasons for rampant piracy. In the early and middle stages of the Republic, five major pirate groups were divided according to the area of piracy. Piracy is rampant and poses a serious threat to Rome's politics and economy. The reasons for rampant piracy can be summed up in three points. First, with the expansion of Rome, slavery, class conflicts, the poor joined the pirates. Second, Rome's geographical environment also facilitated piracy. Third, with the continuous expansion of Rome, especially through the three Punic Wars, Rome finally conquered Carthage. So the Phoenicians began to wait for revenge. They confederated with their former rival, the Greeks, engaged in piracy and harassed the destruction of Roman shipping. The third part of the text mainly introduces Rome and its allies through legislation and force to fight against and suppress pirates, in addition, as a continuation of the problem of piracy in the Republic also mentioned the situation of piracy in the imperial period. The fourth part of the text expounds the relationship between piracy and Roman politics and military. At the end of the Roman Republic, Pirates became a tool against political opponents in the political struggle within the Roman Republic, and had a certain connection with the growth and decline of the Roman Navy. In the conclusion part, the author analyzes and summarizes the piracy and piracy in the Republican period, and puts forward its own views on solving the problem of modern piracy. The history of piracy and piracy looting is only one side of the complicated history of Rome, perhaps not the most important, but studying the history of ancient Rome through this perspective will be more three-dimensional.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K126

【参考文献】