美国对中苏关系的认识与反应（1958—1963年）

发布时间：2018-05-11 23:29

本文选题：美国 + 中苏关系　；参考：《东北师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 冷战开始后不久,中苏同盟的成立成为社会主义阵营的一个重大事件,这极大地壮大了以苏联为首的社会主义阵营的力量。而美国也一直密切关注这两个社会主义国家间的举动,并且在这种观察和估计的影响下分析中苏关系的发展状况,制定他的对华政策。笔者认为这些分析在中苏矛盾产生初期,基本都是错误的,而在中苏矛盾公开后则基本上都是准确的。此外,笔者认为这种对中苏关系的评估成为美国制定对华政策的重要依据。由于中苏之间的关系在联盟建立初期是比较稳定的,所以美国制定的所谓“楔子”战略并没有取得预想的效果,反倒是中苏两党在社会主义阵营内部产生了分歧。1950年代的后几年里,美国的对华政策没有大的调整,而是在时刻的观察中苏关系的发展情况。当中苏之间的矛盾公开后,美国对中苏关系的认识及对华政策也没有大的转变。中苏即将分裂的时候美国对中国采取了一定程度的缓和战略,但这种缓和并不是美国对华认识上的根本性转变,亦不意味美国的对华政策有根本的变化。这只是美国对中苏关系进行评估后制定的以静观变的暂时对策。从此美国的对华政策又转入了新一轮的遏制状态,直到尼克松当政时期才有所调整。美国对中苏关系的认识是出于对中苏关系理性的分析下做出的正确的预测,也正是这种预测使美国的对华政策并没有进行大的改变,而是在以前的政策基础上进行细微的调整。
[Abstract]:Soon after the Cold War, the establishment of the Sino-Soviet alliance became a major event for the socialist camp, which greatly strengthened the strength of the Soviet Union led by the socialist camp. The United States has also closely followed the actions of these two socialist countries, and under the influence of such observations and estimates, it has analyzed the development of Sino-Soviet relations and formulated its China policy. The author believes that these analyses were basically wrong in the initial stage of the Sino-Soviet contradiction, but were basically accurate after the Sino-Soviet contradiction was made public. In addition, the evaluation of Sino-Soviet relations has become an important basis for the United States to formulate its China policy. As relations between China and the Soviet Union were relatively stable in the early days of the alliance, the so-called "wedge" strategy formulated by the United States did not achieve the desired results. On the contrary, the differences between the Chinese and Soviet parties within the socialist camp. In the latter years of the 1950s, the United States did not make a major adjustment in its China policy, but observed the development of Sino-Soviet relations at all times. After the contradictions between the Soviet Union and China were made public, there was no significant change in the US understanding of Sino-Soviet relations and its China policy. When China and Soviet Union were about to split, the United States adopted a certain degree of detente strategy towards China, but this detente is not a fundamental change in the United States' understanding of China, nor does it mean that there has been a fundamental change in the United States' China policy. This is only a temporary response of the US assessment of Sino-Soviet relations. Since then, America's China policy has changed into a new containment state, until the Nixon administration to adjust. The United States' understanding of Sino-Soviet relations is based on the correct prediction made by the rational analysis of the Sino-Soviet relations. It is precisely this kind of prediction that causes the United States' China policy not to undergo a major change, but to make minor adjustments on the basis of the previous policies.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K712.54

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