16世纪威尼斯贵族政治研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 02:31

本文选题：16世纪 + 威尼斯　；参考：《武汉大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】：16世纪是西欧社会由传统向近代,由封建主义向资本主义过渡的时期。在这一转型变革的背景下,与西北欧民族国家的兴起不同,孕育了文艺复兴辉煌文化的意大利城市,在新航路开辟和周边民族国家接连发动战争侵扰的压力下,纷纷走向衰落,或被灭亡或被吞并。但半岛上的威尼斯共和国却是个例外。它作为近代早期意大利地区持续时间最长,发展最为成功的城市共和国,在16世纪克服了这些压力所引发的社会危机,维护了其自身独立自由的地位和社会和谐稳定的局面。在这一过程中,威尼斯共和国的贵族政治发挥了重要的作用,通过调整与改革,使威尼斯这个传统社会在向近代社会转型的过程中实现了平稳过渡。全文共分为四章。第一章主要论述威尼斯贵族政治的历史和社会背景,包括威尼斯共和国的形成与早期发展,它的经济状况与社会结构,以及威尼斯贵族政治的早期发展。第二章从“威尼斯神话”入手,在展示威尼斯共和国及其贵族政治在16世纪初鼎盛发展的同时,论述其在这一时期所遇到的危机和困难,为下面两章具体论述其贵族政治的调整与应对提供背景。第三章从调整和解决贵族政治内部矛盾,以及应对威尼斯社会经济危机这两方面入手,展示威尼斯政治在16世纪发展完善的同时,应对威尼斯经济危机的方式与能力。第四章则转到社会生活方面,考察贵族政治面对社会贫困危机时的改革措施与手段,同时具体分析其如何通过对公共空间的控制与管理,来实现社会秩序的稳定与和谐。通过对16世纪威尼斯贵族政治的研究,笔者认为威尼斯的贵族政治在保留传统的统治原则和政治体制的基础上,通过调整自身的统治方式和政策,对整个国家及其社会生活实行了有效的管理,使威尼斯共和国成功地克服了16世纪经济和战争危机给社会生活所带来的破坏性影响。威尼斯的贵族政治体制也经受住了这一时期共和国社会危机的考验,并实现了自我的完善和发展。
[Abstract]:The 16 th century was the transition period from tradition to modern times, from feudalism to capitalism. Under the background of this transformation, different from the rise of the Nation-State of Western Europe, the Italian cities, which gave birth to the brilliant culture of the Renaissance, have declined one after another under the pressure of opening up new routes and launching wars one after another by the neighboring nation-states. Or be destroyed or swallowed up. The Republic of Venice on the peninsula was an exception. As the longest and most successful city republic in the early modern Italy, it overcame the social crisis caused by these pressures in the 16th century, and maintained its independent and free status and social harmony and stability. In this process, the aristocratic politics of Venice Republic played an important role, through adjustment and reform, Venice, the traditional society in the process of transition to modern society to achieve a smooth transition. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly discusses the history and social background of Venice aristocratic politics, including the formation and early development of Venice republic, its economic situation and social structure, and the early development of Venice aristocratic politics. The second chapter begins with "the mythology of Venice", while showing the great development of Venice Republic and its aristocratic politics in the early 16th century, it discusses the crisis and difficulties it encountered in this period. It provides the background for the adjustment and response of aristocratic politics in the following two chapters. The third chapter starts with adjusting and resolving the internal contradictions of aristocratic politics and coping with Venice's social and economic crisis, and shows the way and ability of Venice's politics to deal with Venice's economic crisis at the same time of its development and perfection in the 16th century. The fourth chapter turns to the aspect of social life, examines the reform measures and means of aristocratic politics in the face of social poverty crisis, and analyzes in detail how to realize the stability and harmony of social order through the control and management of public space. Through the study of the aristocratic politics of Venice in the 16th century, the author thinks that the aristocratic politics of Venice, on the basis of retaining the traditional ruling principle and political system, adjusts its own ruling ways and policies. Effective management of the whole country and its social life enabled the Republic of Venice to successfully overcome the destructive effects of the economic and war crises of the 16th century on social life. The aristocratic political system of Venice withstood the test of the social crisis of the republic in this period, and realized self-perfection and development.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K546

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